O.V. Kostyunina, T.V. Karpushkina, A.I. Rud`, M.S. Fornara, N.A. Zinovieva
L.K. Ernst All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry, pos. Dubrovitsy, 60, Podol’skii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 142132, Russian Federation
Summary. One of the genetic factors responsible for porcine stress-sensitivity is a mutation C – T, resulting in an amino acid substitution R1958W in the gene for dystrophin (DMD), localized on the X-chromosome. Preliminary screening of pig breeds Large White, Duroc, Landrace and Pietrain revealed the presence of T-allele carriers, associated with the manifestation of stress, in Landrace pigs. The aim of this work was to study the effect of DMD-genotype on the economic useful signs of pigs. The studies were conducted in the laboratory of molecular bases of breeding of L.K. Ernst All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry (Moscow region) in 2016. Investigations were carried out on Landrace pigs (n = 57). C – T polymorphism in the DMD-gene was determined using the developed test system. Study of pigs and their offspring productivity were based on characteristics of meat and feeding qualities. Analysis of variance in meat and feeding qualities was performed. Breeding value (EBV) was calculated on the base of economic useful signs using BLUP Animal-model of multiple signs. Carriers of the mutant allele T of the DMD-gene had superiority on the total number of born piglets, litter size, birth weight of piglet and litter. It was showed a statistically significant effect (p is less 0.001) of DMD status of the live weight at the completion of growing (+3.63 kg), average daily gain during the whole period, and during the growing (+21.85 g and +30.01 g), breeding index MLI (+2.54) and level of milking capacity (+0.91 kg). On the EBV signs (the age, when the live weight archives 100 kg and fatback thickness), the parameters in T-allele carriers was lower than that of non-carriers: -0.59 vs. -0.28 days and -0.63 vs. -0.04 mm, respectively. The selection of animals with high productivity indirectly determines the selection of animals - carriers of the mutation, associated with stress-sensitivity. To control and eliminate the symptoms of stress syndrome, associated with DMD, it is necessary to carry out DNA-diagnosis of breeding pigs.
Keywords: stress syndrome, DNA-diagnostics, genetic defect, PCR, pigs, landrace.
Author Details: O.V. Kostyunina, Сand. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory; T.V. Karpushkina, research fellow; A.I. Rud`, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; M.S. Fornara, Сand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow; N.A. Zinovieva, D. Sc. (Biol.), member of the RAS, director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Kostyunina O.V., Karpushkina T.V., Rud`A.I., Fornara M.S., Zinovieva N.A. Productivity of Landrace Pigs with Different Variants of DMD-Gene. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V. 30. No. 12. Pp. 86-89 (in Russ.).