V.N. Zolotarev, N.I. Perepravo
Аll-Russian scientific research institute of feed named after V.R. Williams, Nauchnyi gorodok, 3, Lobnya, Moskovskaya obl., 141055, Russian Federation
Abstract. The aim of this work was to determine the optimum seeding rates and sowing methods for diploid (Krasnopoimskaya 92 and Kvarta) and tetraploid (Binara) varieties of meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) of an intensive type of use, ensuring formation of a better structure of seed herbage to produce maximum yield under conditions of the Central region of Russia on sod-podzolic soils. We compared seeding rates from 4 to 19 kg/ha with usual row (15 cm) and over-row (30 cm) sowing methods in two- and three-fold replications of the experiments in 2003-2013. We studied the dynamics of the productive longevity of seed herbage during four years. Completeness of sprouting depending on the sowing rates was 55-73 % in diploid varieties and 51-61 % in tetraploid ones. Planting methods are less important in the seed production of the studied varieties of meadow fescue compared to seeding rates. The herbage with the optimal density 126-254 plants/m2 of diploid varieties was created by seeding of 1.80-3.50 million viable seeds per hectare. It enables to obtain the maximum harvest of seeds. The yield was 421-426 kg/ha at row sowing method and 424-431 kg/ha at over-row sowing method for Krasnopoimskaya 92 and 429-435 and 436-446 kg/ha, respectively for Kvarta variety. High productivity of herbage with optimal density is maintained during three years of use. The increase in seeding rates over the optimum ones resulted in a decrease in the yield of seeds by 5-18 % and reduction of the efficient use of herbage up to two years. The high-yielding herbage of tetraploid meadow fescue ‘Binara’ with the density of 126-166 plants/m2 was formed when sowing 2.43-3.16 million pcs/ha, providing the yield of seeds within 691-770 kg/ha during the first two years of use and 470-560 kg/ha in the third one due to the better structure parameters.
Keywords: meadow fescue, variety, seeding rates, sowing methods, yield, seeds.
Author Details: V.N. Zolotarev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.I. Perepravo, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory.
For citation: Zolotarev V.N., Perepravo N.I. Optimization of Seeding Rates and Sowing Methods of Diploid and Tetraploid Meadow Fescue at Cultivation for Seeds. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 1. Pp. 26-31 (In Russ.).