A.А. Mushinskii, E.V. Aminovа, E.V. Gerasimova
Orenburg Research Institute of Agriculture, prosp. Gagarina, 27/1, Orenburg, 460051, Russian Federation
Abstract. We examined middle-early and mid-ripening potato varieties of domestic and foreign breeding in order to select the most adaptive and productive varieties of different groups of ripening. The investigations were carried out in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals on the irrigated plot of OOO “Agrofirma Krasnokholmskaya”, Ilek district, Orenburg region in 2012-2015. The soil of the experimental plot was southern chernozem, residual meadow, low humic, medium thick, heavy and medium loamy, with humus content of 3.2 % in the plow layer. The soil is characterized by low provision with mobile forms of nitrogen and phosphorus and by a medium availability of exchange potassium. The plot area was 140 m2 (50 m x 2.8 m), the registration area was 70 m2 (5 m x 1.4 m); the replication was triple. Fifteen potato varieties were the objects of the investigation: middle early varieties Nevsky, Raduga, Red Scarlett, Karatop, Riviera, Artemis, Arrow and mid-ripening varieties Spiridon, Chelyabinets, Kuzovok, Kurator, Pamyati Kovalenko, Tarasov, Romano, Rodrigue. Potato was planted in the second decade of May. Seedlings appeared in 15-23 days, budding and flowering were noted at 28-34 and 34-48 days from the moment of sprouting, harvest ripeness was on 1-14 September. According to the 4-year data, potato varieties Artemis (58.9 t/ha), Romano (55.2 t/ha) and Tarasov (53.3 t/ha) were distinguished by yield. Varieties Tarasov (98.1 %), Artemis (97.7 %), Arrow (96.5 %) had the greatest yields of commercial products. The starch content in tubers varied from 10.2 % (Red Scarlett) to 16.0 % (Pamyati Kovalenko), the dry matter content in tubers ranged from 15.6 % (Red Scarlett) to 23.8 % (Pamyati Kovalenko). The most valuable for breeding variety Red Scarlett was revealed (bi was 1.08, Si was 0.45). Varieties Artemis, Riviera, and Arrow were the most resistant to late blight and ordinary scab. Under conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals, it is recommended to use the most adaptive and productive potato varieties in production: Artemis, Riviera, Tarasov, Romano and Arrow.
Keywords: variety, potato, crop yield, marketable value, plasticity, stability, late blight.
Author Details: A.А. Mushinskii, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E.V. Aminovа, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; E.V. Gerasimova, research fellow.
For citation: Mushinskii A.А., Aminovа E.V., Gerasimova E.V. Selection of Potato Varieties for Soil and Climatic Conditions of the Steppe Zone of the Southern Urals. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 4. Pp. 51-54 (in Russ.).