T.K. Sheshegova1,2,3, L.M. Shchekleina1, I.N. Shchennikova1, A.N. Mart’’yanova1
1N.V. Rudnitsky Zonal Research Institute of Agriculture of Northeast, ul. Lenina, 166a, Kirov, 610007, Russian Federation
2North Eastern Regional Agrarian Scientific Center, ul. Lenina, 166а, Kirov, 610007, Russian Federation
3Vyatka State Agricultural Academy, prosp. Oktyabr’skii, 133, Kirov, 610017, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article presents the analysis of the immunological status of spring wheat, barley, oat (20-35 varieties of each crop annually) for the period from 2005 to 2016. The relationship between the development of fungal diseases of cereals and the state of climatic factors during the growing season is shown. It was determined the dependence (from weak to strong) between the manifestations of the disease and the average daily air temperature and precipitation in the critical periods of the growing season. The air temperature in August influenced significantly the development of leaf blotch and stripe disease (r = -0.42 and r = -0.49), in June – of net blotch (r = 0.48), in July – of rhynchosporium (r = 0.76). Precipitation had significant effect on the pathogenesis of root rot of barley and oat (r = 0.45 and r = 0.73), red-brown spot (r = 0.59) and stinking smut (r = -0.42). The determined relationships can be used during phytosanitary monitoring and analyses of its results and to forecast possible epiphytoties and harvest of cereals. Since the formation of the grain occurs under varied weather conditions, we analyzed the contamination of seedlings and the structure of microflora of untreated seeds under laboratory conditions at the example of barley varieties of different years of harvesting. In the majority of samples it was dominated opportunistic and associated genera of fungi: Alternaria, Cladosporium, Torula, Stemphilium, Curvularia and Penicillium. The agent of root rot and dark brown leaf spot Bipolaris sorokiniana on barley seeds was often diagnosed in enough dry years, and in wet years the grain was extra infected by bacterial infection and Fusarium spp. During four-year storage of barley seeds their natural sanitation occurred due to the reduction of viability of pathogenic microorganisms.
Keywords: barley, oat, wheat, fungal diseases, injury, dependence on climatic factors, seed infection.
Author Details: T.K. Sheshegova, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory, head of group, lecturer (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L.M. Shchekleina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; I.N. Shchennikova, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; A.N. Mart’’yanova, junior research fellow.
For citation: Sheshegova T.K., Shchekleina L.M., Shchennikova I.N., Mart’’yanova A.N. Dependence of Fungal Infection Development of Cereals on Seasonal Dynamics of Climate Factors. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. V. 31. No. 4. Pp. 58-61 (in Russ.).