G.L. Zelensky, A.G. Zelensky, T.A. Romashchenko, V.V. Tsogoeva
All-Russian Rice Research Institute, pos. Belozernyi, 3, Krasnodar, 350921, Russian Federation
Abstract. Rice is a valuable food, dietary and medical product. Several exclusive varieties with special qualities were included into the State Register of Selection Achievements. The article presents the results of the final stage of breeding – the agrobiological characteristics of such new varieties of rice as glutinous ‘Vita’; long-grain ‘Avstral’ and red-grain ‘Mars’. Vita rice variety is characterized by medium-sized grain, the weight of 1000 grains is 28-29 g, l/b is 3.0; the output of cereals is 68-69 %; grains are white, non-vitreous; it is developed for dietary and medical purposes. Avstral variety has narrow and long grain, l/b is 3.5; weight of 1000 grains is 27.0-28.0 g; vitreousity is 96 %, husk content is 18.5 %, output of cereals is 64-69 %, including 87- 90 % of undamaged kernels. Mars variety has long grains, l/b is 3.5, the weight of 1000 grains is 27-29 g, vitreousity is 96-97 %, the output of cereals is 66-68 %, including up to 90 % of undamaged kernels. Grains have an increased nutritional value. The experiments were laid in the fields of the experimental irrigated section of the All-Russian Research Institute of Rice Breeding. The soil of the experimental plot is heavy loamy meadow chernozem. The arable horizon contains 4.2 % of total humus, the content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium (according to A.T. Kirsanov) is 2.9 mg/100 g and 37.4 mg/100 g, respectively; pH is 7.5. The weather conditions during the growing seasons of 2011-2016 were generally optimal for the growth and development of rice plants thus contributing to the formation of high yields. The new varieties of rice Vita, Avstral and Mars, in addition to their high nutritional value, are resistant to blast, so they can be grown without fungicide treatments. Accelerated introduction of these rice varieties will contribute to the supply of the population with valuable groats, as well as to the change in the price policy for the exclusive varieties of rice.
Keywords: rice, breeding, variety, glutinous, long-grain rice, red-grain rice, economically valuable traits, technological and biochemical traits of grain.
Author Details: G.L. Zelensky, D. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.G. Zelensky, Сand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow; T.A. Romashchenko, junior research fellow; V.V. Tsogoeva, junior research fellow.
For citation: Zelensky G.L., Zelensky A.G., Romashchenko T.A., Tsogoeva V.V. Development of Exclusive Rice Varieties in the Russian Federation and Prospects of Their Use. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 5. Pp. 32-35 (in Russ.).