P.A. Makarovsky
Station of Agrochemical Service “Syktyvkarskaya”, prosp. Oktyabr'skii, str. 74, Syktyvkar, 167001, Russian Federation
Abstract. Based on the results of 50-year agrochemical surveys of soils in the agricultural lands of the Komi Republic, the regularity of changes of the main parameters of soil fertility, such as acidity, the content of organic matter, mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium, depending on the volume of application of agrochemicals, was determined. The constant application of chemical means started in 1971, and the greatest volumes of their application were achieved by 1985. Then there was a sharp decline in agrochemical work. The fertility of soils changed accordingly at first it increased, and then it began to decline. The more noticeable changes occurred in the plowland. The share of acidic soils decreased from 90.2 % in 1975 to 72.2 % in 1995 and increased to 83.3 % in 2016. The share of soils, poorly provided with potassium, reduced from 40.9 % in 1975 to 22.0 % in 1980 and virtually returned to the initial level (41.8 %) in 2016. According to the content of mobile phosphorus, a clear correlation was determined between the increase in the soil acidity and the release of phosphorus from phosphorite meal, introduced in the arable land “for the reserve” during the years of intensive chemicalization of agriculture. The fraction of soils poorly provided with phosphorus decreased from 62.1 % in 1975 to 32.0 % in 2016; this process is still ongoing. There is no well-defined pattern between the application of organic fertilizers and the content of organic matter in the soil.
Keywords: agrochemical survey, soil acidity, organic matter, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, fertilizers.
Author Details: P.A. Makarovsky, director (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Makarovsky P.A. Soil Fertility of Agricultural Lands in the Komi Republic. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 6. Pp. 5-9 (in Russ.).