Yu.A. Kuzychenko1, V.V. Kulintsev1, A.K. Kobozev2
1Stavropol Agricultural Research Institute, ul. Nikonova, 49, Mikhailovsk, Stavropol’skii krai, 356241, Russian Federation
2Stavropol State Agrarian University, per. Zootekhnicheskii, 12, Stavropol’, 355017, Russian Federation
Abstract. The investigations were carried out in the stationary experiment of Stavropol Research Agricultural Institute in 1993–2002. On the basis of these studies it was calculated the index (D) of generalized assessment of tillage differentiation for certain cultures in crop rotations (seeded fallow, winter wheat, winter wheat, corn for green mass, winter wheat, sunflower, winter barley) with the rotation of the following methods and the depth of tillage for separate crops: plowing at 12–14 cm and 20–22 cm, nonmoldboard loosening at 20–22 cm and 6–8 cm. The soil of the experimental plot was ordinary chernozem (the content of humus in the layer 0–20 cm was 4.44 %, of P2O5 – 23 mg/kg, of K2O – 187 mg/kg). We used the following parameters in the calculations: the yield of the crop rotation (thousand grain units/ha); productivity of the crop rotation (thousand feed units/ha); the cost of soil processing (MJ/ha) and the cost of labor for the cultivation of crops (mhrs). The border of the level of desirability (d) was calculated using the grouping method. The most effective tillage system in the crop rotation with interchange of depths and methods of tillage for certain crops is the plowing at the depth of 20–22 cm, alternating with the surface treatment at 6–8 cm (D = 0.916). The lowest value of this index is marked in the variants with systematic moldboard treatment at 20–22 cm (D = 0.813), permanent surface treatment at 6–8 cm (D = 0.908) and alternation of the latter with nonmoldboard tillage at the depth of 20–22 cm (D = 0.907). The obtained results can serve as a basis for the choice of tactical approaches to the formation of tillage systems in crop rotations, involving primarily the application of methods of primary cultivation for separate crops at different depths taking into account situational replacement of moldboard methods for subsurface ones depending on the degree of development of erosion processes.
Keywords: generalized assessment, tillage systems, culture of a crop rotation.
Author Details: Yu.A. Kuzychenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.V. Kulintsev, D. Sc. (Agr.), director; A.K. Kobozev, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Kuzychenko Yu.A., Kulintsev V.V., Kobozev A.K. Generalized Assessment of Differentiation of Tillage Systems for Crop Rotation Cultures. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 8. Pp. 28-30 (in Russ.).