T.F. Lefler, E.V. Chetvertakova, I.Yu. Eremina, A.E. Luschenko, A.D. Volkov
Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, prosp. Mira, 90, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russian Federation
Abstract. Taking into account that the distribution of commercial species contributes to the genetic disintegration and accumulation of the genetic load, the influence of Holstein breed on the gene pool of dairy cattle in Krasnoyarsk Krai was studied on the complex of characteristics. The research was carried out in 2003–2016 at the breeding herd of “Breeding plant Krasny Mayak” (n = 1164), Krasnoyarsk Krai, and at the bovine population in “Krasnoyarskagroplem” (n = 52), including animals, imported from Denmark (n = 10). Immunogenetic markers and the causes of culling was analyzed for cows; the indicators of sperm production in accordance with GOST 23745-79 (State Standard), the karyotype, and the general state of immunity according to the functional activity of immune-competent cells in bulls were examined for bulls. The indicators of chemical luminescence are higher in animals, imported from Denmark. So, the amplitude of the maximal activity (I(max I), cps) is 2 times higher, the area of lighting (S, c/180 min) is 1.6 times higher in comparison with the breeds of the Siberian ecogenesis. The area of lighting determines the total amount of active forms of oxygen (AFO), generating by the cells during the record. This indicates the decrease in the activity of antioxidant systems and possible immunodeficiency states. Karyological examinations of bulls (n = 46) were conducted in the genetics laboratory of the All-Russian Research Institute of Livestock Breeding. They revealed that from the bulls with aneuploidy + structural abnormalities and aneuploidy + semen polyploidy it was rejected reliably more semen, by 58.3 ml and 48.5 ml, respectively, than from the bulls with the normal karyotype. Since the beginning of the bull import, the percentage of rejection due to necrospermia increased up to 66.7 %, and due to aspermia – up to 19.0 %. The average age of the culled cows in the region was 3.5 lactations. The reasons for rejection were gynecological diseases (29.4 %), udder diseases (15.5 %), limb diseases (13.7 %).
Keywords: dairy cattle breeding, bulls-producers, sperm production, cows, genetic load, chemical luminescence, genome, chromosomal abnormalities.
Author Details: T.F. Lefler, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof., director of the Institute (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.; Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E.V. Chetvertakova, D. Sc. (Agr.),head of department; I.Yu. Eremina, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof.; A.E. Luschenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof.; A.D. Volkov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof.
For citation: Lefler T.F., Chetvertakova E.V., Eremina I.Yu., Luschenko A.E., Volkov A.D. Influence of Holstein Breed on the Gene Pool of Dairy Cattle in Krasnoyarsk Krai. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 8. Pp. 54-57 (in Russ.).