V.M. Kaz’min1, V.V. Kaltyrin2, T.L. Ivanekha1, Yu.V. Moiseenko1
1Center of Chemicalization and Agricultural Radiology «Orlovskii», ul. Molodezhnaya, 7, pos. Streletskii, Orlovskaya obl., 302502, Russian Federation
2Center of Chemicalization and Agricultural Radiology «Verkhovskii», ul. Chernyshova, 11, pos. Verkhov'e, Verkhovskii r-n, Orlovskaya obl., 303720, Russian Federation
Abstract. It is presented the characteristics of a soil cover, a provision of soils in Orel region with mineral elements over 1964–2015; the dynamics of their average weighted indices is analyzed for the mentioned period. The soil cover of arable lands is mainly presented by gray forest soils and leached and podzolized chernozems. According to the results of the monitoring at the beginning of 2016, the average weighted content of humus in arable lands of the south-east zone of the region was 6.1%, of phosphorus and potassium – 82 and 106 mg/kg, respectively. In the central zone, the average weighted content of humus decreased to 5.1%, of potassium – increased to 116 mg/kg, of phosphorus – to 101 mg/kg. In the soils of the eastern zone, the concentration of potassium reduced to 96 mg/kg, of humus – to 3.8%, and the quantity of phosphorus is 108 mg/kg. For the period since 1964 to 2015 the changes of the average weighted indices of soil fertility had multidirectional character. The acidity value remained at the level of 5.3 pH units, the content of humus decreased from 5.10 to 5.02%, the concentration of phosphorus increased from 70 to 96 mg/kg, of potassium – from 90 to 105 mg/kg of soil. Since 1989 there is a deficit of the balance of nitrogen and potassium, which today amounts to -15.6 and -68.4 kg/ha, respectively. Since 2007 there is a negative balance of phosphorus (-25.6 kg/ha). The most active measures to keep, reproduce and increase the fertility of arable soils in the region were carried out from 1983 to 1988, when the volume of application of mineral fertilizers reached 160 kg/ha of arable land, of organic fertilizers – 3.5 t/ha, lime – 7 t/ha, ground phosphate rock – 1.3 t/ha.
Keywords: mobile phosphorus; exchange potassium; balance of mineral elements; liming; phosphorite application; fertilizers.
Author Details: V.M. Kaz’min, D. Sc. (Аgr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.V. Kaltyrin, director; T.L. Ivanekha, head of head of division; Yu.V. Moiseenko, Cаnd. Sc. (Аgr.), main specialist.
For citation: Kaz’min V.M., Kaltyrin V.V., Ivanekha T.L., Moiseenko Yu.V. Agrochemical Characteristics of Soils in Orel Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 9. Pp. 12-15 (in Russ.).