FINENESS OF SOFT SPRING WHEAT GRAIN: PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION AND GENETIC CONTROL UNDER CONDITIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA

V.V. Piskarev^1,2, A.A. Timofeev¹, N.I. Boiko^1,2
1Federal Research Center the Institution of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Akademika Lavrent’eva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
²Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, ul. Dobrolyubova, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russian Federation

Abstract. The purpose of the study was to reveal the peculiarities of formation and genetic control of 1000-grain weight of soft spring wheat under conditions of Western Siberia. The experiment was carried out at the experimental field of the laboratory of the gene pool of the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding – the branch of the federal state budgetary scientific institution “Federal Research Center the Institution of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”. Six parental forms (Novosibirskaya 67, Novosibirskaya 89, Sibirskaya 12, Sibirskaya 3, Kantegirskaya 89, and Grekum 114), 30 hybrid populations (F2) and 144 recombinants (F3) of spring soft wheat, selected from the hybrid populations F2, were the material for the study. The crosses were carried out according to the Griffing’s diallel scheme. Hybridization was conducted in 2006. Identification of the nature of inheritance, genetic control and the number of genes controlling the trait was carried out in 2007–2008; the assessment of F3-recombinants was carried out in 2008–2009 to confirm the proposed hypotheses. Thousand-grain weight is determined by an additive-dominant genetic system. The increase of the 1000-grain weight depends on the accumulation of dominant alleles in a genotype. The greatest number of dominant alleles in the genotype is in Grekum 114 and Sibirskaya 3 varieties. Novosibirskaya 67 and Kantegirskaya 89 varieties were characterized by the largest number of recessive alleles and genes with epistatic interaction in the genotypes, which reduced 1000-grain weight at F1-hybrids. Novosibirskaya 67 and Grekum 114 varieties differed by two genes (loci) controlling the trait “1000-grain weight’. The dominant epistasis “B is more than A” (0.8) was observed between the genes (loci) in 2008. Over two years of the investigation, the recombinants, selected from the hybrid populations with Grekum 114 variety, formed 1000-grain weight at the level of the maximum value. The recombinants, obtained with Novosibirskaya 67 and Kantegirskaya 89 varieties, were at the minimum value of this sign.

Keywords: spring soft wheat; inheritance; 1000-grain weight; diallel analysis; dominance; epistasis.

Author Details: V.V. Piskarev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory, assoc. prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.A. Timofeev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; N.I. Boiko, post graduate student, junior research fellow.

For citation: Piskarev V.V., Timofeev A.A., Boiko N.I. Fineness of Soft Spring Wheat Grain: Peculiarities of Formation and Genetic Control under Conditions of Western Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 9. Pp. 16-21 (in Russ.).