N.I. Selivanov, V.V. Matyushev, N.I. Chepelev, I.A. Vasiliev
Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, prosp. Mira, 90, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russian Federation
Abstract. The work aimed to assess the condition and justify the prospects of the renovation of a tractor fleet in the plant cultivation of Krasnoyarsk Krai. An analysis of the dynamics of changes in the technological requirements and equipment of the region’s crop production by tractors was carried out for 2012–2017. With an average plowing area of 1,922,000 hectares (excluding private households), 334 agricultural organizations (AO) and 608 peasant (farm) holdings (PFH) with the main activity of grain production were registered in the region at the beginning of 2017. The reduction in their number during this period as a result of the consolidation of the agricultural associations and the liquidation of the peasant farms was 2.1 and 7.2 %, respectively. At the same time, the share of agricultural enterprises accounts for 82.5% of arable land and 86.5% of grain production. Taking into account the 5.8% increase in arable land, cultivated by resource-saving technologies, the demand was 10,999 standard tractors. With an average annual renovation of 2.4% and a retirement of 5.3% of tractors over the period of 2012–2016 the number of physical and standard tractors decreased to 7534 and 6518 by 01/01/2017. It reduced the average equipment of crop production in farms of both categories from 62.8 to 59.3%. The production of the Petersburg (PTZ) and Minsk (MTZ) tractors plants amounted to 19.4 and 48.5%, respectively, in the structure of the park. The share of foreign wheeled tractors (countries of the European Union and the USA) reached 3.5%. Old-fashioned and discontinued models of crawler and wheeled tractors amount to over 21.1%. The service life of about 69.3% of tractors exceeds ten years. According to an optimistic version of the renovation of the tractor fleet until 2020, about 95% of purchases will be wheeled tractors "PTZ" and "MTZ" with a power of 80–400 hp, since the difficult economic situation of commodity producers and 1.5–2.3 times higher price of foreign equipment in terms of a standard tractor limited its sales up to 2.4%. With the estimates reached, the number of tractors will be 7220–7310 pcs, their average power will be 135 hp, and 71–73% of them will be operated for more than ten years. The qualitative composition of the tractor fleet will change slightly.
Keywords: agrozone, plant growing, normative demand, technology, standard and physical tractors, equipment, renovation, park structure, formation.
Author Details: N.I. Selivanov, D. Sc. (Tech.), head of department (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.V. Matyushev, D. Sc. (Tech.), head of department; N.I. Chepelev, D. Sc. (Tech.), head of department; I.A. Vasiliev, post graduate student.
For citation: Selivanov N.I., Matyushev V.V., Chepelev N.I., Vasiliev I.A. Formation of a Fleet of Farm Tractors in Krasnoyarsk Krai. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 9. Pp. 72-75 (in Russ.).