E.P. Renev1, D.I. Eremin2
1Research Agricultural Institute of the Northern Trans-Urals – the branch of the Federal Research Center of Tyumen’ Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Burlaki, 2, pos. Moskovskii, Tyumenskii r-n, Tyumenskaya obl., 625501, Russian Federation
2State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Roshchinskoe shosse, 18, Tyumen’, 625041, Russian Federation
Abstract. The investigation was carried out in order to study the dynamics of water permeability of arable leached chernozem in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals region. The observations cover the 48 years. The studies were carried out at the premises of a stationary experiment, located in Zavodoukovsky district of Tyumen region. The initial starting point was the virgin leached chernozem, fertile, middle thick, medium loamy, formed on loess carbonate loam. After a detailed study of the properties, a part of the station was plowed up and is still arable land. In 1990, 2006 and 2016, samples of soil were taken and water permeability was measured through the layers simultaneously from the virgin and arable land. When the virgin leached chernozem is involved into the arable land, the elementary soil particles with dimensions of less than 0.01 mm move into the depth of the profile and accumulate in the layer of 30–90 cm. The content of physical clay for the period of 38 years increased by more than 6% compared with the virgin land. The humus horizon of virgin chernozems is characterized by very high water resistance of the structural aggregates – 78 % of the total amount. Prolonged use of chernozems as arable land leads to a decrease in water stability of the arable layer – for 48 years the content of water stable aggregates decreased to 61%. The average rate of absorption of virgin chernozems of the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Ural region is 3.7–4.5 mm/min; of filtration – 2.1–3.3 mm/min, which corresponds to the best water permeability. Annual mechanical treatments maintain the water permeability of arable layer at the level of the virgin soil. From a depth of 40 cm, the coefficient of infiltration for 22 years reduced to 3.3–3.5 mm/min. The process of deterioration of permeability of the arable leached chernozem prolonged for 48 years and by 2016 the coefficients of infiltration and filtration reached 2.1 and 1.3 mm/min, respectively.
Keywords: leached chernozem; water permeability; coefficients of filtration; infiltration; physical clay; water stability; structural-aggregate composition; elementary soil particles; virgin land; arable land; forest-steppe zone.
Author Details: E.P. Renev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), director; D.I. Eremin, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Renev E.P., Eremin D.I. Water Permeability of Arable Leached Chernozem in the Forest-Steppe Zone of the Trans-Urals Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 10. Pp. 18-21 (in Russ.).