RESULTS AND DIRECTIONS OF INVESTIGATIONS ON POTATO BREEDING IN THE FAR EAST OF RUSSIA

I.V. Kim¹, A.G. Klykov^2
1Primorsky Research Agricultural Institute, ul. Volozhenina, 30, pos. Timiryazevskii, Ussuriisk, Primorskii krai, 692539, Russian Federation
²Far Eastern Regional Agrarian Scientific Center, ul. Volozhenina, 30, pos. Timiryazevskii, Ussuriisk, Primorskii krai, 692539, Russian Federation

Abstract. The importance of potato constantly increases in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation due to the growth of its share in the country's market in comparison with other crops. The solution of actual problems related to the increase in the yield and improvement of the quality of food and seed potato is an extremely important task in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The research was conducted to increase the efficiency of breeding and seed-growing work and to develop regulations for effective use of potato protection means against major pests and diseases. As a result of the research work, new promising varieties of potato were developed for the Far Eastern zone with a high potential productivity of 30–40 t/ha, marketability of 89–96%, starch content of 11.5%, tubers keeping capacity of 95%, high field resistance to phytophthora and Rhizoctonia. There were defined varieties with low content of reducing sugars (up to 0.4%) – Bryansky Delikates, Zagadka Pitera, Kamchatka; with increased starch content (16–18%) – Garant, Zhigulevsky, Smak; with the content of ascorbic acid more than 10.0 mg/100 g – Dachny, Evgenia, Germes, Fermer, Khidas, Yugana, Gala; with the increased protein content (2.0–2.5%) – Nesterovsky, Russkaya Krasavitsa, Solnechny, Argos. In the case of the crop desiccation with Reglon 10 and 20 days before the harvesting, there was observed a decrease in mechanical damage of tubers by 5.0 and 4.1%, respectively, compared to the variant with removal of the crop tops on the harvesting day – 14.1%, which provided the best indices of quality of seed potato. In Primorsky Research Agricultural Institute it is annually produced 60–70 tons of super-super-elite seeds of varieties of domestic and foreign breeding (Adretta, Dachny, Zhukovsky Ranny, Kazachok, Sante, Smak, Yubilar, Yantar) and 55–60 thousand tubers of mini-tubers of 16 varieties. An in vitro collection of plants of 20–25 varieties is supported for seed purposes.

Keywords: Far East, potato, breeding, seed-breeding, cultivation technology, plant protection.

Author Details: I.V. Kim, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.G. Klykov, corresponding member of the RAS, chairman.

For citation: Kim I.V., Klykov A.G. Results and Directions of Investigations on Potato Breeding in the Far East of Russia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 10. Pp. 36-39 (in Russ.).