G.A. Konarbaeva, V.N. Yakimenko
Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, prosp. Akademika Lavrent’eva, 8/2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Abstract. The behavior of heavy metals (HM) in a soil-plant system under systematic prolonged application of mineral fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphoric and potassium) is considered. The investigation was carried out at the cultivation of potato on gray forest soil in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia in 2000–2015. The total quantity of HM (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Sr, Mn) and the content of their acid-soluble and mobile forms were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) Kvant-2A. The content of HM in tubers and potato tops was determined by Rin’kis’ method. We used Rokko variety of potato. A significant increase in the concentration of HM in the soil and plants occurs when using high doses of nitrogen of phosphoric fertilizer under conditions of potassium deficit. As a result of the use of balanced doses of NPK, not only an increase in the potato yield was observed, but there was also a lack of accumulation of HM in the soil-plant system. The total content of HM on the variant NP in comparison with the variant NPK2 increases for Co by 11%, Cu – 3.3%, Mn – 12.3%, Ni – 16.8%, Pb – 15.0%, Sr – 16.7%, Zn – 9.0%. Cadmium and chromium were an exception since their concentration increased very slightly. The most noticeable decrease in the content of soil reserves of HM was recorded for their mobile forms. The content of acid-soluble forms of HM in the variant NP, in comparison with the variant NPK2, was higher 1.5 times for Cd, 1.3 times for Co, 4.5 times for Cr, 1.1 times for Cu, 1.16 times for Mn, 1.34 times for Ni, 1.1 times for Pb, 1.07 times for Sr, 1.33 times for Zn. Therefore, in potato tubers in NPK variants, the HM content was noticeably lower than in the NP variant. Thus, the optimization of mineral nutrition of plants not only ensured a full production process but also reduced the content of HM in potato.
Keywords: soil, plant, agrocenosis, mineral fertilizer, heavy metals.
Author Details: G.A. Konarbaeva, D. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.N. Yakimenko, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory.
For citation: Konarbaeva G.A., Yakimenko V.N. Change in the Content of Heavy Metals in an Agrocenosis with Different Intensity of Application of Mineral Fertilizers. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. Pp. 44-48 (in Russ.).