A.V. Turyanskiy, S.I. Smurov, O.V. Grigorov, S.S. Kulkov
Belgorod State Agricultural University, ul. Vavilova, 1, 308503 Mayskiy, Belgorod region, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research conducted in the Belgorod SAU was aimed at studying the elements of organic farming systems and their influence on the formation of soybean productivity in the frame of the South-West of the Central Black Soil Region (CBSR). In 2015-2016 a field experiment was conducted in a station with a four-year rotation using postharvest green manure crop in the laboratory for the study of farming systems. The typical heavy loam black soil with a humus content of 4.4-4.6%, according to Tyurin, was used in the experiment. The three-factor experiment was set by the method of organized triplicate repetitions including the splitting of the plots. The fertilizer system, the treatment of crops with herbicides, and seed treatment by chemical means of protection were studied during the experiment. The results of the studies allow us to suggest that the grain productivity of soybeans is influenced mainly by the weed purity of its crops in case of growing it on typical black soil and adding a sufficient amount of symbiotic bacteria (depending on the fertilizer system, from 24.8 to 170.1 pieces of nodules were formed for 10 plants, while their mass varied within the range 0.4 – 3.3 grams). Indeed, the use of herbicide allowed to increase the yield 1.4 times – from 2.38 t per ha to 3.27 t per ha. The use of postharvest green manure left after the precursor without reducing the level of harvest is possible only in conjunction with mineral fertilizer, which has a significant effect on soybean productivity. It is possible not to implement treatment of seeds against diseases by chemical means of protection.
Keywords: organic farming, soybean, green manure, white mustard, crop yield, economical effectiveness.
Author Details: A.V. Turyanskiy, D. Sc. (Econ.), rector (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.), S.I. Smurov, Cand. Sc. (Аgr.), head of laboratory, O.V. Grigorov, research fellow, S.S. Kulkov, agronomist.
For citation: Turyanskiy A.V., Smurov S.I., Grigorov O.V., Kulkov S.S. Conditions for Soybean Productivity Formation Depending on the Elements of Organic Farming Systems. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 10. Pp. 57-61.