J.S. Sattarov1, S.H. Vishegurov2
1National Republican Center of Genetic Resources of the Tajik Academy of Agricultural Sciences, pos. Makhmadshoi bolo, s. Sarikishti, r-n Rudaki, 735104, Tajikistan
2Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, ul. Dobrolyubova, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russian Federation
Abstract. For timely implementation of measures for the protection and renewal of flora, research is needed to determine the biological diversity and plant resources. The goal of the work, carried out in 2016, was to determine the actual biological diversity of wild medicinal plants in the Gazhne gorge. The gorge is located 34 km north of the city of Dushanbe, in the central part of the southern slope of the Gissar Range. Along the bed of the river Gazne, broad-leaved forests (black forest) grow on the bottom of the gorge up to 1300–1400 m above the sea level with a fullness of stand of 0.4–0.6 and predominance of eastern plane Platanus orientalis L. and English walnut Juglans regia L. Higher in the channel and along the vertical profile of the slopes, they are displaced by the sibljak, with the fullness of the stand of 0.3–0.5. Bitter almond Amygdalus bucharica Korch., Crataegus pontica C. Kochi, C. turkestanica Pojark prevail in it. They are replaced by Juniperus seravschanica Kom. from the height of 1700 m. On the territory of the gorge, there are 70 species of wild medicinal plants, which are included in 58 genera belonging to 25 families. The most common are Asteraceae (13 species), Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Liliaceae (7 species each), Fabaceae (6 species), etc. Origanum tyttanthum, Thermopsis dolichocarpa, Allium stipitatum, Gentiana olivieri, Arctium leiospermum, Rhus coriaria, and Eremurus brachystemon are of high abundance. Other taxa are solitary distributed, which indicates the negative impact of the anthropogenic factor, which is partly caused by the economic activity of the population of the villages of Gazhne and Kondara. There are 3 species classified as endangered species and listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Tajikistan (Allium stipitatum Regel, Eremurus aitchisonii Baker and Juno nicolai Vved.), 12 endemic species and 3 adventive species.
Keywords: biodiversity, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Gissar Range.
Author Details: J.S. Sattarov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); S.H. Vishegurov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof.
For citation: Sattarov J.S., Vishegurov S.H. Biodiversity of Wild Medicinal Plants of the Gazhne Gorge (the Gissar Range, Tajikistan). Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 11. Pp. 31-34 (in Russ.).