A.A. Gryaznov, O.S. Batraeva, S.M. Krasnozhon, O.V. Romanova, A.A. Shabunin, N.A. Telichkina, M.V. Cheskidov
South Ural State Agrarian University, ul. Gagarina, 13, Troitsk, Chelyabinskaya obl., 457100, Russian Federation
Abstract.The aim of the study was the development of economically valuable varieties of barley without awns and with furcas, safe for animal feeding, with a potential of grain yield at the level or higher than standard awned varieties. The world collection of barley from VIR was a source material. The breeding material was generated by hybridization of geographically distant forms with subsequent individual selection according to the selectable sign. The study was carried out under conditions of the moderate arid steppe in 1975–1989 at the premises of Karabalyk experimental station (Kazakhstan) and the north forest-steppe (Institute of Agroecology – the branch of South Ural State Agrarian University) in the period 2002–2016. It was developed awnless variety Granal (authorship certificate of the USSR No 5553 dated 11/27/1991) var. inerme Koern., steppe ecotype, capable to form grain yield, which is higher by 21.2% than that of the standard awned variety Donetsky 8, under dry conditions. In comparison with the standard, the yield of the green vegetative mass of the awnless variety was 1.72 t/ha (of the standard –1.41 t/ha), the content of carotene – 59.3 mg/kg of feed, contrary to 49.6 mg/kg of feed at the standard. The variety does not require chemical protection against smut agents, as it has a high resistance to them. Barley variety Granal 32 var. aethiops Koern. with furcas belongs to the forest-steppe agro-ecological group of varieties. Its grain has high nutrient content: anthocyanidins – 104 mg/100g vs. 4.1 mg/100 g in the standard awned variety, vitamin E – 44.7 mg/kg vs. 28.8 mg/kg; protein – 18.0% vs. 14.1%; essential amino acids – 5.06% vs. 3.96%. According to the type of development, the variety is intermediate between spring and facultative forms. The potential yield of grain reached 6.93 t/ha.
Keywords: barley; awnless varieties; breeding methods; source material; grain productivity; vegetative mass.
Author Details: A.A. Gryaznov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.S. Batraeva, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), assoc. prof.; S.M. Krasnozhon, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof.; O.V. Romanova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof.; A.A. Shabunin, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), должность; N.A. Telichkina, assist.; M.V. Cheskidov, post graduate student.
For citation: Gryaznov A.A., Batraeva O.S., Krasnozhon S.M., Romanova O.V., Shabunin A.A., Telichkina N.A., Cheskidov M.V. Results of Breeding of Awnless Barley and It with Furcas in the Northern Kazakhstan and the Southern Urals. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No 11. Pp. 43-46 (in Russ.).