N.S. Taspaev1, N.I. Germantseva1, V.B. Narushev2, N.A. Sh’yurova2
1Краснокутская селекционно-опытная станция, ul. Novaya, 2, p. Semennoi, Krasnyi Kut, Saratovskaya obl., 413241, Russian Federation
2Саратовский государственный аграрный университет имени Н. И. Вавилова, Teatral’naya pl., 1, Saratov, 410012, Russian Federation
Abstract. It is presented the results of the studies for improving the technology of chick-pea cultivation. The investigation was carried out in 2013–2015 on the experimental field of the Krasnokutskaya breeding and experimental station. The aim of the research was to establish the optimal sowing date for the culture under conditions of the Saratov trans-Volga region, territorially entering the steppe zone of the Lower Volga region. The climate of the zone is arid. The soil is chestnut, heavy loamy. The scheme of the two-factor field experiment provided the following options: variety of chick-pea (factor A) – Zolotoj Yubilej, Vektor; sowing date (factor B) – early (at the beginning of sowing of spring barley), middle – in 7 days after the early one, middle – in 7 days after the average date. The replication of the experiment was fourfold. The distribution of options was randomized. The plot area was 25 m2. Observations and registrations were conducted in accordance with the recommended methods. A zonal technology of cultivation of chick-pea was applied on the experimental plot. On average over three years the highest yield of grain of the studied chick-pea varieties Zolotoj Yubilej and Vektor was noted in the variant with the early sowing date: 1.19 and 1.14 t/ha, respectively. At the middle and late dates, the quicker completion of phenological phases, a decrease in the field germination and preservation of plants, a sharp decrease in the area of the leaf surface and the dry aboveground biomass, a noticeable deterioration in the elements of the crop structure directly influenced the yield of the seeds of both studied varieties. At the middle sowing date, the productivity of chick-pea ‘Zolotoj Yubilej’ decreased to 0.75 t/ha (by 37.0%), of ‘Vektor’ – to 0.71 t/ha (by 37.7%). In the variant with a later period, the value of this indicator was even less – 0.36 and 0.31 t/ha, respectively, which was lower by 69.8 and 72.8% than at the first sowing time.
Keywords: chick-pea; sowing date; chestnut soil; leaf area; dry biomass; photosynthesis; yield; Lower Volga region.
Author Details: N.S. Taspaev, director; N.I. Germantseva, head of laboratory; V.B. Narushev, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.A. Sh’yurova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof.
For citation: Taspaev N.S., Germantseva N.I., Narushev V.B., Sh’yurova N.A. Influence of Sowing Dates on Chick-pea Productivity in the Lower Volga Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 12. Pp. 25-27 (in Russ.).