V. V. Popov
State Station of Agrochemical Service «Tsimlyanskaya», Moskovskaya ul., 67, Tsimlyansk, Rostovskaya obl., 347323, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article gives an assessment of the state of soil fertility in the southeastern districts of Rostov region. During the entire period of observations in the soil of the service zone, a slow but stable decrease in the humus content occurs, which has decreased by 0.43% since 1970. The weighted average content of mobile phosphorus reached its maximum value in 1993–1999. It was 23.3, after that it fell sharply below the initial level. Some increase in the value of this indicator, compared with the initial one, is observed only in three regions of the irrigated zone, which is associated with the use of relatively high doses of phosphorus-containing fertilizers on the territory. According to the availability of mobile potassium, no special changes occurred. During the survey years, it varied in the range from 431 to 461 mg/kg. The content of sulfur, copper, cobalt, manganese decreased. The balance of nutrients in the agriculture of the station’s service area continues to be negative and increased from -45.1 kg/ha in 1986 to -100.8 kg/ha in 2015, which is due to increased yields of cultivated crops against a background of insufficient application of organic (0.11 t/ha) and mineral fertilizers (20 kg/ha of active substances). The results of the examination of solonetz soils indicate an increase in the content of water-soluble salts in the root layer from 0.08–0.11 to 0.20–0.25%, of the absorbed sodium in the plow horizon of some fields – from 2.0–2.5 to 8.0–10.0%, the reaction of the soil solution (pH) as a whole over the zone on soils with solonetz complexes – from 7.8 to 8.0–8.5, and in individual fields – to 9.0.
Keywords: agrochemical survey, fertility, humus, mobile phosphorus, exchange potassium, nutrient balance.
Author Details: V. V. Popov, director.
For citation: Popov V. V. State of Fertility of Arable Land in the Southeastern Districts of Rostov Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 3. Pp. 7-11 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10302.