Smagin A.V.1,2, Budnikov V.I.1, Vasenev V.I.1, Smagina M.V.1, Sadovnikova N.B.1,2, Gul’be, A.J.1, Bashina A.S.1, Kolganihina G.B.1
1Institute of forest science RAS, ul. Sovetskaya, 21, s. Uspenskoe, Moskovskaya obl., 143030, Russian Federation
2Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, Moskva, 119991, Russian Federation
Abstract. The use of gel compositions with modern plant protection products (PPP) makes it possible to protect the rhizosphere from pathogenic microflora, and also to optimize the water-retaining and absorbing capacity of the soil and its structural state. In laboratory and field experiments the properties of two types of hydrogels synthesized on the basis of patented author’s technology, acting as carriers of nanoparticles and silver ions, as well as organic fungicides for protecting the root layer of soil in seed potato farming, were tested. Preliminary laboratory studies on the strains of the causative agents of the most dangerous diseases of potato: late blight and damping-off of potato from the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms and the All-Russian Institute of Phytopathology, revealed a wide range of effective concentrations (EC50) of PPP in hydrogels from (0.9 ± 0.1) to (118.1 ± 51.5) ppm. Field experiments, carried out on five varieties of potato on soils of different genesis and dispersion under humid conditions (Moscow, Perm), showed a high efficiency of protective compositions for light-textured soils, where against the background of 100% protection of tubers from late blight, a 1.3–2.0 fold increase in yield was obtained depending on the quality of the planting material. For soils of medium and heavy granulometric composition, the technology needs to be improved, since under continuous application (without mixing of gels with the soil) in an extremely wet year the additional water retention from the hydrogels led to the development of local anaerobiosis and the inhibition of tubers of planting material.
Keywords: potato; hydrogels; soil; rhizosphere; anti-pathogenic protection; yield.
Author Details: A. V. Smagin, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. I. Budnikov, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), research fellow; V. I. Vasenev, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof.; M. V. Smagina, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), deputy director; N. B. Sadovnikova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), research fellow; A. J. Gul’be, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), academic secretary; A. S. Bashina, post graduate student; G. B. Kolganihina, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow.
For citation: Smagin A. V., Budnikov V. I., Vasenev V. I., Smagina M. V., Sadovnikova N. B., Gul’be A. J., Bashina A. S., Kolganihina G. B. Gel Compositions for the Antipathogenic Protection and Optimization of Edaphic Properties in Potato Rhizosphere. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 3. Pp. 54-63 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10311.