O. N. Kurdyukova, E. P. Tyshchuk
Institute of Plant Protection, ul. Vasil’kovskaya, 33, Kiev, 03022, Ukraine
Abstract. The article presents the results of experiments on control of weeds in potato plantings. The research was carried out on chernozem soils of the steppe zone of Ukraine in 2014–2017. Mechanical methods of weed control included a double stubble breaking, plowing, a harrowing, cultivation and two inter-row hoeing of the potato plantings in the spring. Mechanical methods in integrated control systems were supplemented with autumn and spring application of Diamaks (0.8 L/ha), Gezagard (3.0 L/ha), Roundup (3.0 L/ha) herbicides. When growing potato on permanent sites, the amount of annual, biennial and perennial weeds exceeded the critical level. The complex of mechanical methods of weed control of reduced the infestation of potato plantings 15–16 times, including perennial weeds – 5–6 times. The integrated methods of control reduced the infestation – 16–30 times and 7–18 times, respectively. The application of mechanical methods of weed control provided the obtaining of potato productivity at the level of 20.5 t/ha. The maximal potato productivity reached 35.0 t/ha in the variants of autumn and spring application of Roundup against the background of mechanical methods of weed control. In tubers the content of dry matter, protein, ash constituents raised. Starch yield at the use of mechanical methods of weed control was 3.30 t/ha, and at the use of the integrated systems – 4.08–5.88 t/ha. It is possible to reduce the presence of weeds below the critical level only in 3–4 years of regular application of the integrated methods of the control.
Keywords: potato; weeds; soil tillage; herbicides; chemical composition; tuber crops.
Author Details: O. N. Kurdyukova, D. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E. P. Tyshchuk, research fellow.
For citation: Kurdyukova O. N., Tyshchuk E. P. Effectiveness of Mechanical and Integrated Control Systems of Weeds in Potato Plantings. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 3. Pp. 88-91 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10318.