O. M. Soboleva
Kemerovo State Agricultural Institute, ul. Markovtseva, 5, Kemerovo, 650056, Russian Federation
Abstract. Biological agriculture, actively developing under modern economic and environmental conditions, set a number of urgent tasks for the practical use of microorganisms in crop production as an alternative to mineral fertilizers and agrochemicals. The review is devoted to the analysis and discussion of modern scientific literature, considering the role of rhizosphere bacteria in reducing the chemical load on cultivated plants. The given classification of beneficial soil microorganisms (BSM) includes two groups of microorganisms that contribute to plant growth: PGPR (rhizobacteria) and PGPF (fungi). Representatives of these two groups are actively used by the biotechnology industry in the production of biological agents for plant protection and as fertilizers. Useful soil microorganisms are able to solve several important problems of crop production: their correct use promotes self-cleaning of soil, inhibits the development of phytopathogenic microorganisms, reduces oxidative and toxic stress, improves nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition, which is expressed in the total stimulation of plant growth and productivity. Rhizospheric bacteria with these properties are genera Agrobacterium, Azoarcus, Azospirillum, Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Gluconoacetobacter, Pseudomonas and Serratia. One of the most well-studied and successfully used in practice PGPR-microorganism is the rhizobacteria Agrobacterium radiobacter. In the Russian Federation, various strains of this microbe are part of such drugs as “Agrofil”. It is effective on various grain, vegetable and fodder crops – both under laboratory and field conditions; both in the open and in the protected ground. Further research of the rhizobacteria Agrobacterium radiobacter and the introduction of the obtained results into production will allow to increase the competitiveness of crop production, to increase the level of its toxicological safety and attractiveness for the consumer.
Keywords: microbiological preparations; rhizobacteria; biological preparations; Agrobacterium radiobacter; PGPR; BSM; IST; Agrofil.
Author Details: O.M. Soboleva, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Soboleva O. M. Role of Rhizosphere Bacteria in Enhancing the Ecologization of Agrocenosis. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 5. Pp. 19-22 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10504.