V. A. Vorob'ev, A. V. Vorob'ev
Ural Agricultural Research Institute – the branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Ural branch of the RAS, ul. Glavnaya, 21, Istok, Ekaterinburg, 620061, Russian Federation
Abstract. Field experiments were carried out in Krasnoufimsk Breeding Center in 2008–2016 in order to study selection indices of the most widespread varieties of spring wheat in the Volga-Vyatka region and their role in the growth of yield. The values of the following indices were examined: the Mexican index (the ratio of grain weight per ear to stem height), the index of attraction (the ratio of grain weight per ear to the weight of straw of the main stem), the index of intensity (the ratio of stem weight to its height), the index of ear productivity (the ratio of grain weight per ear to the weight of the ear with seeds and glume), the index of grain filling (the ratio of 1000 grain weight to the stem weight). A variety rank from the highest (the first) to the lowest (the seventh) depends on these indices. The material was varieties from different ripeness groups: Irgina, Iren’, Gornoural’skaya, Ekaterina, Krasnoufimskaya 100. The early maturing variety ‘Iren’, middle-early variety ‘Ekaterina’ and mid-season variety ‘Krasnoufimskaya 100’ were more productive than standards (Irgina, Krasnoufimskaya 90, Strela) by 9.9–19.0%. The excess was confirmed by higher values of selection indices. On average over five indices, the highest ranks (1.6–2.6) were registered in varieties Iren’, Ekaterina, Krasnoufimskaya 100, low ranks (3.8–5.0) were in varieties Gornoural’skaya, Irgina, Krasnoufimskaya 90, Strela. The yield is more closely related to the Mexican index and the indices of intensity and grain filling (dyx = 50.8–65.8%) than the indices of attraction and ear productivity (dyx = 18.8–41.7%). In breeding process values of indices, grade of ranks and yield increased in the new varieties in comparison with their parents. Iren’ (the rank is 2.6) exceeds maternal variety Irgina (the rank is 3.8) by 0.28 t/ha and by 4.8–7.1% in the value of indices. Ekaterina (the rank is 1.6) leads over Iren’ (maternal plant) in productivity by 0.71 t/ha, in quantity indices – from 3.1 to 7.0%, and it is equivalent in rank and indices to Krasnoufimskaya 100 (the rank is1.6). Krasnoufimskaya 100 is more productive than the paternal variety Krasnoufimskaya 90 (the rank is 4.8) by 0.25 t/ha and exceeds it in the value of four indices by 8.3–21.8%. Gornoural’skaya (the rank is 4.2) exceeds the paternal variety Strela (the rank is 5.0) in productivity by 0.30 t/ha, in the Mexican index and that of intensity by 11.5–14.3%.
Keywords: spring wheat; breeding; variety; productivity; genetic-physiological systems; attraction; index; rank.
Author Details: V. A. Vorob’ev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. V. Vorob’ev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Vorob’ev V. A., Vorob’ev A. V. Role of Selection Indices in Evaluation of Spring Wheat Productivity. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 9. Pp. 37–39 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10909.