S. O. Nukeshev1, Ya. P. Lobachevskii2, G. I. Lichman2, K. D. Eskhozhin1, K. M. Tleumbetov1, A. B. Rustembaev1
1S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, prosp. Pobedy, 62, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
2Federal Scientific Agricultural Engineering Center of All-Russian Mechanization Institute, 1-i Institutskii proezd, 5, Moskva, 109428, Russian Federation
Abstract. With minimal and zero technologies of cereal cultivation, the subsoil application of the main dose of mineral fertilizers is of great importance. Sowing systems of KPG-2.2 subsurface plough and GUN-4 deep tillage cultivator-applicator, intended for this purpose, did not fully meet the agrotechnical requirements for the quality of sowing, and incorporating working bodies did not meet the requirements for the quality of fertilizer distribution in the soil. The purpose of the research was the industrial verification and justification of the parameters of working bodies of the experimental sample of a cultivator-applicator for three-layered differentiated application of mineral fertilizers. The unit was developed by scientists of the Department of Technical Mechanics of S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University and Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center, All-Russian Institute of Mechanization. The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the first two rows of working organs – arrow-shaped coulters. Laboratory-field studies showed that the width of fertilizer application by the experimental arrow-shaped coulter of the cultivator-applicator was 16–18 cm at the optimal parameters with machine speed of 6–8 km/h and an average rate of 280 kg/ha. With the installation depth of tillage in layers of 8–12 cm, 16–18 and 20–27 cm, the implement provided loosening of the soil and differentiated application of mineral fertilizers to the depth of 8.3–13.7, 14.8–16.8 and 25.2–28.7 cm, respectively. The variation of distribution of fertilizers along the grasp width was 14.2 %, which met the agrotechnical requirements. The unevenness of seeding between the sowing apparatus of the experimental machine is 30% less than that of the base machine. The width of the distribution of fertilizers in the experimental machine was 0.5 m. From 65.2 to 73.9% of stubble remained on the field after the passage of the aggregate.
Keywords: mineral fertilizers; sowing apparatus; cultivator-applicator; stud wheel; grooved coil; deep tillage cultivator-applicator; distributor.
Author Details: S. O. Nukeshev, D. Sc. (Tech.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); Ya. P. Lobachevskii, D. Sc. (Tech.), corresponding member of the RAS, deputy director; G. I. Lichman, D. Sc. (Tech.), main specialist (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); K. D. Eskhozhin, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), assoc. prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); K. M. Tleumbetov, master, doctoral student; A. B. Rustembaev, master, doctoral student.
For citation: Nukeshev S. O., Lobachevskii Ya. P., Lichman G. I., Eskhozhin K. D., Tleumbetov K. M., Rustembaev A. B. Results of Examination of Working Bodies of Cultivator-Applicator Distributor for Three-Layered Differentiated Application of Mineral Fertilizers. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 9. Pp. 93–96 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10922.