V. V. Okorkov, O. A. Fenova, L. A. Okorkova
Upper Volga federal Agricultural scientific Center, ul. Centralnaya, 3, pos. Novyi, Suzdal’skii r-n, Vladimirskaya obl., 601261, Russian Federation
Abstract. In a long-term field experiment on gray forest soils of the Upper Volga region, we determined the influence of fertilizer systems on the productivity of 8- and 7-field crop rotations and the difference coefficients of utilization of the main nutrition elements. The productivity of the 8-field crop rotation increased by 6.1% in the 2nd rotation compared to the 1st one. It did not increase in the 3rd rotation compared to the 2nd one. The application of nitrogen and organic fertilizers had a decisive influence on this parameter. The highest return from 1 kg of active substance (a.s.) of fertilizers (5.4–8.6 grain units) was revealed in the case of application of a single dose of complete mineral fertilizer (N(42–48)P(34–42)K(34–45)). Increasing the dose 2 times reduced the recoupment of fertilizers to 4.2–5.9 grain units/kg a.s. In the case of application of organic fertilizers the recoupment was 3.2–6.6 grain units/kg a.s., of organic-mineral systems – 2.0–6.0 grain units/kg a.s. The payback of fertilizers increased from the 1st rotation to the 2nd and 3rd ones. It was an increase in the utilization coefficients of N, P2O5 and K2O from complete mineral fertilizer. They were equal to 42.8–43.9, 16.2–18.7 and 39.5–57.2% in the 1st rotation of the 8-field crop rotation and to 57.7–68.0, 17.7–27.7 and 49.7–67.9% in the 2nd rotation of the same crop rotation. They grew to 81.5, 34.6–39.4 and 91.8% in the 3rd rotation of the 7-field crop rotation. A more complete utilization of fertilizers in the 2nd rotation, compared with the 1st one, with similar doses of NPK, provided the growth of average productivity of crop rotation from 3.64–4.00 to 3.96–4.16 thousand grain units/ha. In the 3rd rotation, the utilization coefficients of nutrients continued to increase, but further growth of productivity of crop rotation did not happen due to the lower doses of NPK application by 17.2–19.3%.
Keywords: organic and mineral fertilizers; crop rotation productivity; fertilizer recoupment; difference utilization coefficients; gray forest soils of the Upper Volga region.
Author Details: V. V. Okorkov, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.A. Fenova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; L.A. Okorkova, senior research fellow.
For citation: Okorkov V.V., Fenova O.A., Okorkova L.A. Productivity of Crop Rotations and Utilization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium from Fertilizers with Their Prolonged Application under Conditions of the Upper Volga Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 10. Pp. 61–65 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11014.