R. Yu. Danilov1, V. Ya. Ismailov1, V. A. Tretyakov2, O. Yu Kremneva1, Yu. V. Shumilov1, A. A. Rizvanov2, V. V. Krivoshein2, I. A. Kostenko4
1All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection, Krasnodar, p/o 39, 350039, Russian Federation
2Central Research Institute for Engineering Industry, ul. Pionerskaya, 4, Korolev, Moskovskaya obl., 141070, Russian Federation
3Ministry of Natural Resources of Krasnodar Krai, ul. Severnaya, 275/1, Krasnodar, 350020, Russian Federation
Abstract. The aim of the research was to develop precision diagnostic techniques for diseases and pests of crops on the basis of data analysis of ground and remote hyperspectral measurements of agroecosystems. In the experimental fields of the All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection test plots were founded for economically significant agricultural crops. They were winter wheat with an artificial infectious background of brown rust (Puccinia triticina Rob.ex Desm. f. sp. tritici) and with background treatment with nonselective herbicide and spring barley with a different degree of damage by the larvae of the cereal leaf beetle (Lemma melanopus L.). Ground hyperspectral measurements of test areas were carried out in a wide range of electromagnetic radiation from 0.35 nm to 2500 nm with a high spectral resolution from 1 to 10 nm. Tests were conducted on an unmanned aircraft equipped with a hyperspectral camera. A library of spectra of agricultural crops was created. The analysis of the reflection coefficients of winter wheat with different degrees of brown rust damage revealed a regular smoothing of the green peak of reflection and the shift of the red peak of absorption depending on the damage degree. Similar changes in reflectivity were observed for plants of spring barley with different damage degree by larvae of the cereal leaf beetle. We examined the dependence of parameters of the spectral brightness of winter wheat plants on changes in their physiological state, occurring after the treatment with the nonselective herbicide. It was established that significant changes in the reflectivity in the visible part of the spectrum can be traced on the 2nd day of the drug action, when the external signs do not yet allow to diagnose the inhibition of plants. Evaluation of the information capability of 15 common vegetation indices revealed the presence of a close correlation of the spectral characteristics of plants with the degree of their damage by harmful biological objects. The use of the obtained information opens up possibilities for the operational control of the state of agricultural crops in order to ensure high efficiency of protective measures and reduce the pesticide load on agroecosystems.
Keywords: remote sensing of the Earth; phytosanitary monitoring; spectrometer; test plots; spectral characteristics of plants; vegetative indices.
Author Details: R. Yu. Danilov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. Ya. Ismailov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), deputy director; V. A. Tretyakov, main specialist (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. Yu Kremneva, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), acting head of laboratory; Yu. V. Shumilov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; A. A. Rizvanov, deputy head of division; V. V. Krivoshein, leading specialist; I. A. Kostenko, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading specialist (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Danilov R. Yu., Ismailov V. Ya., Tretyakov V. A., Kremneva O. Yu., Shumilov Yu. V., Rizvanov A. A., Krivoshein V. V., Kostenko I. A. Development of Precision Technologies of Phytosanitary Monitoring of Agroecosystems on the Basis of Data of Remote Hyperspectral Sensing of the Earth. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 10. Pp. 82–86 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11019.