N. I. Sokolenko, N. M. Komarov, N. A. Galushko, V. V. Dubina
North-Caucasus Federal Scientific Agrarian Center, ul. Nikonova, 49, Mikhailovsk, Shpakovskii r-n, Stavropol’skii krai, 356241, Russian Federation
Abstract. Variety samples of soft winter wheat, triticale, perennial wheat-rye-wheatgrass hybrids were examined in North-Caucasus Federal Scientific Agrarian Center in 2012–2017 in order to identify sources of high grain quality for the development of new varieties of soft winter wheat and triticale. The climate of the zone is moderate continental, summer is hot and dry. The soil of the experimental area is ordinary chernozem, medium thick, low-humic, medium loamy. The material for the research was 79 variety samples of soft winter wheat, 100 variety samples of triticale and a collection of clones of A.I. Derzhavin wheat-rye-wheatgrass hybrids. On average over three years, the best results in grain quality were obtained from 14 wheat and 5 triticale varieties. In wheat, the amount of gluten and protein varied from 27.8% and 14.7% (Volga Don, Volgograd region) to 45.7% and 24.0% (Balatohmagyard, Hungary); in triticale – from 25.0% and 13.6% (Mir, Krasnodar Krai) to 31.4% and 17.0% (Stavropol’sky 5). Wheat variety samples had gluten I or II groups, triticale samples – only II groups. The best values of this parameter were obtained in such wheat varieties as John, Moskovskaya 39, Garmil, Don 95, Don 93, Volzhsk 15 and Volga Don: the gluten content in grain was 27.8–35.0%, the gluten deformation index was 71.5–78.1 (group I), the protein content was 14.7–18.4%. Among triticale varieties, Stavropol’sky 1, Stavropol’sky 5 and Granik were the best: the gluten content in grain was 29.9–31.4%, the gluten deformation index was 85.8–92.8 (group II), the protein content was 16.3–17.0%. Perennial wheat-rye-wheatgrass hybrids were characterized by high gluten content (38.4–49.5%), high quality of gluten (mainly group I) and high protein content in grain (16.0–20.6%).
Keywords: common winter wheat; Triticum aestivum L.; triticale; × Triticosecale Wittm., A. Camus; wheat-rye-wheatgrass hybrids; variety sample; clone; source; grain quality; protein; gluten.
Author Details: N. I. Sokolenko, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N. M. Komarov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; N. A. Galuchko, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; V. V. Dubina, research fellow.
For citation: Sokolenko N. I., Komarov N. M., Galushko N. A., Dubina V. V. Sources of High Grain Quality in Breeding of Soft Winter Wheat and Triticale. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 11. Pp. 33–36 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11108.