O. U. Timoshkina, O. A. Timoshkin
Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Michurina, 1B, r.p. Lunino, Penzenskaya obl., 442731, Russian Federation
Abstract. The influence of elements of cultivation technology on symbiotic nitrogen fixation of a new variety of Melilotus hirsutus Lipsky ‘Solnyshko’ was determined in an experimental field of Penza Research Agricultural Institute in 2010–2013. The investigation was carried out on leached medium loamy chernozem with a high content of available forms of macronutrients. In experiment No1 7 dates of sowing were tested: the physical ripeness of the soil (April 25–May 1); the biological ripeness of the soil (May 5–10); third and subsequent sowing dates were established with an interval of 10–11 days; the 7th (underwinter) sowing period was in November, with the coming of stable negative temperatures. In experiment No2, we studied 4 background nutrition: fertilizers in doses for the planned harvest of 7 and 9 t/ha of dry matter, which were introduced against the background of Rizotorfin and without it. In experiment No3 it was examined 6 seeding rates from 5 to 10 million germinating seeds per hectare. Melilot formed the greatest number and weight of nodules at early spring and underwinter sowing dates: 185–188 million pcs/ha and 547–574 kg/ha, respectively, irrespective of meteorological conditions (HTC was 0.22 in 2010, 1.50 in 2011, and 1.44 in 2013). In the same variants, the highest values of total and active symbiotic potential (ТSP and ASP) were revealed: 13,000–14,200 (kg*day)/ha and 8,100–8,900 (kg*day)/ha, respectively. At late spring and summer sowing dates, the values of these indicators were significantly lower. Inoculation of seeds with the industrial strain of Rhisobium contributed to an increase in the total weight of nodules by 72.8% in the year of application; the weight of active nodules increased by 87.2%, ТSP grew by 71.1%, ASP raised by 75.2%, compared with the control variant without inoculation of seeds.
Keywords: Melilotus hirsutus Lipsky.; sowing date; fertilizers; seeding rate; number and weight of nodules; total and active symbiotic potential.
Author Details: O. U. Timoshkina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division; O. A. Timoshkin, D. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Timoshkina O. U., Timoshkin O. A. Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation at Biennial Melilot at Different Cultivation Methods. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 11. Pp. 49–52 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11113.