A. I. Mansapova, M. A. Gorbova, S. Yu. Khramov, L. O. Berendeeva
Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, prosp. Koroleva, 26, Omsk, 644012, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research was carried out in 2015–2017 in the Department of the Northern Agriculture of the Siberian Research Agricultural Institute (the city of Tara) on gray forest podzolized medium-thick loamy soil. The content of humus was 3.0–3.5%, the reaction was slightly acid, the provision with mobile phosphorus was low, with exchange potassium was average. The aim of the research was to establish the optimal date for sowing and harvesting of modern varieties of fibre flax under conditions of the subtaiga zone of Western Siberia. Flax varieties of Tomsk breeding ‘In Memory of Krepkov’ (“Pamyati Krepkova”) and ‘TOST 5’ were sown on 4 dates: May 10, 20, 30, June 10. For each sowing date, flax harvesting was carried out in the phases of green, early yellow, yellow and full ripeness. Yield formation depended on weather conditions. The maximum yield of treated plant fibres in variety ‘In Memory of Krepkov’ (3.64–3.75 t/ha) was obtained on the sowing dates of May 10 and May 20 and harvesting in the phases of early yellow and yellow ripeness. For ‘TOST 5’ variety the maximum yield of treated plant fibres was obtained at sowing on May 10 and harvesting in the phases of early yellow and yellow ripeness. The best quality of the treated plant fibres in both varieties was obtained when sowing on May 10 and harvesting in the early yellow ripeness phase. In these variants, it was obtained the treated plant fibres with the number of 2.50–2.75 and output of fibre of 34–36%. The duration of aging of treated plant fibres depended on the average air temperature and amount of precipitation. A shorter period for receiving treated plant fibres (19–20 days) was with an average daily temperature of 15.4–16.5 Celsius degrees and precipitation of 34–74 mm during this period. When cultivating fibre flax ‘In Memory of Krepkov’ and ‘TOST 5’ the sowing on May 10 and harvesting in the phases of early yellow and yellow ripeness were the most economically profitable. The combination of this techniques provided a net income of 2,620–3,500 RUB/ha with the profitability of 22–31%.
Keywords: fibre flax; variety; sowing date; ripeness phase; fibre; treated plant fibres; yield; quality.
Author Details: A. I. Mansapova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M. A. Gorbova, researcher; S. Yu. Khramov, researcher; L. O. Berendeeva, junior research fellow.
For citation: Mansapova A. I., Gorbova M. A., Khramov S. Yu., Berendeeva L. O. Influence of Sowing and Harvesting Dates on the Productivity of Fibre Flax Varieties in the Subtaiga of Western Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 12. Pp. 20–23 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11205.