Influence of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat

I. V. Ponkratenkova¹, A. Yu. Gavrilova¹, G. E. Merzlaya², S. P. Voloshin^2
1Smolensk Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Nahimova, 21, Smolensk, 214025, Russian Federation
²D. N. Pryanishnikov All-Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry, ul. Pryanishnikova, 31a, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation

Abstract. The influence of organic-mineral fertilizer systems on the yield and grain quality of spring wheat ‘MIS’, as well as on biological properties of sod-podzolics light loamy soil, was studied. The aim of the research was to establish optimal and environmentally safe doses of manure and mineral fertilizers at the cultivation of spring wheat. The studies were carried out in 2007–2008 in two fields under conditions of a long-term field experiment of the Geographical Network according to the conventional method. Application of manure or mineral fertilizers contributed to a significant increase in the yield (by 1.10 and 1.53 t/ha compared to the control) and increased the main indicators of quality of spring wheat grain. The combined use of organic and mineral fertilizers increased grain yield 1.5–2.1 times, as well as caused the growth of protein content and weight of 1000 grains. The grain-unit practically was not influenced by the fertilizer systems studied in the experiment and was within normal values. A strong correlation between the quality indices and yield of spring wheat was established. The increase in the weight of 1000 grains by 1 g caused the yield growth by 0.14 t/ha. The maximum increase in the number of microorganisms (up to 66.4 CFU/g х 10E6), as well as an increase in cellulose-digesting capacity (up to 58.3–59.6%), was observed with the application of manure or its combined use with mineral fertilizers. The data obtained indicate that organic-mineral systems of fertilizers in the doses of not less than N60Р60К60 against the background of 40 t/ha of cattle manure can be recommended for spring wheat at cultivation on the sod-podzolics light loamy soil.

Keywords: mineral fertilizers; manure; spring wheat; yield; quality; sod-podzolics soil; biological activity.

Author Details: I. V. Ponkratenkova, senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. Yu. Gavrilova, research fellow; G. E. Merzlaya, Dr. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow; S. P. Voloshin, Cand. Sc (Biol.), research fellow.

For citation: Ponkratenkova I. V., Gavrilova A. Yu., Merzlaya G. E., Voloshin S. P. Influence of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 12. Pp. 31–33 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11208.