O. M. Soboleva1,2, M. M. Kolosova1, L. A. Filipovich1
1Kemerovo State Agricultural Institute, ul. Markovtseva, 5, Kemerovo, 650056, Russian Federation
2State Medical University of Kemerovo of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, ul. Voroshilova, 22а, Kemerovo, 650056, Russian Federation
Abstract. Microbial contamination of feed reduces the efficiency of production of livestock and poultry products, adversely affects the quality of these products. The aim of this work was to determine the degree of microbial contamination of feed and evaluate the effectiveness of an electrophysical method of its reduction. The quality of feed for poultry (mixed fodder for laying hens; granulated fodder mixture from plants; spring wheat of the 5th class) was investigated in the Kemerovo State Agricultural Institute in 2018. The mass of the combined sample was 4 kg for each type of feed, of which 2 kg were the control, 2 kg were the tested sample. The replication of the experiment was threefold, analytical. The microflora of the feed was represented by both the phytopathogenic and saprotrophic components; species of microorganisms pathogenic for humans and animals were not found. The total number of fungi for mixed fodder was 1.2*10E2 CFU/g, for fodder mixture – 1.9*10E2 CFU/g, for wheat – 1.5*10E3 CFU/g. The total microbial number was, respectively, 3.0*10E5 CFU/g, 6.3*10E5 CFU/g, 2.7*10E6 CFU/g. For forage grain, the total microbial number exceeded the standard rate 54 times. Processing of feed in the electromagnetic field of the microwave traveling wave according to the technology of EcoMashService (Russia) with the continuous movement of the material in the rotating dielectric tube-retort, installed in the waveguides of the drying chamber of the microwave tract, enabled to dry and disinfect the material simultaneously. Microwave processing (power of 60 kW, magnetron frequency of 915 MHz, exposure of 90 seconds) reduced microbial contamination. For mixed fodder, the decrease in the total microbial number relative to the control was 142.9 times, the fodder mixture – 7.9 times, wheat grain – 16.9 times; the decrease in the total number of fungi was 4.0, 17.3 and 4.8 times, respectively. The used electrophysical method of treatment effectively reduced the contamination of poultry feed.
Keywords: poultry feed; mixed fodder; feed mixture; forage grain; microbiological safety; electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency.
Author Details: O. M. Soboleva, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M. M. Kolosova, Cand. Sc. (Chem.), assoc. prof.; L. A. Filipovich, Cand. Sc. (Ped.), assoc. prof.
For citation: Soboleva O. M., Kolosova M. M., Filipovich L. A. Microbiological Contamination of Feed and Electrophysical Method of Its Reduction. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 12. Pp. 50–52 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11214.