O. M. Ishchenko, T. Yu. Vakhrameeva
Station of Agrochemical Service “Magadanskaya”, ul. Proletarskaya, 21 A, Magadan, 685000, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the research was to determine the dynamics of soil fertility indicators for agricultural land of the Magadan region for 1965–2016. In the second half of the 20th century in the Magadan region was registered a steady improvement in soil fertility, which increased with the expansion of the surveyed area. This was due to the large-scale use of mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as chemical ameliorants. As a result, in the late 80s – early 90s, when the area of agricultural land reached its maximum size (39,700–42,400 hectares), the weighted average content of humus in the soil was 6.9–8.8%, the weighted average content of mobile phosphorus was 76–77 mg/kg, the weighted average content of potassium was 134–137 mg/kg, the value of the acidity index was 4.9–5.3 pH units. Despite the decrease in the use of fertilizers, the growth of weighted average indicators continued. However, this was largely due to changing the destination of a significant part of the land, the area of which by 2005–2008 decreased almost 4 times to 12,700 hectares. The weighted average content of humus increased to 9.0%; the content of mobile phosphorus increased to 299 mg/kg; the content of potassium increased to 236 mg/kg; the value of the acidity index increased to 5.6 pH units. After 2009, as part of the land was being recultivated, the situation began gradually deteriorating. According to the results of the 13th cycle of agrochemical examination of agricultural land (21,100 hectares) in the Magadan region, the share of soils with low content of mobile phosphorus and potassium was 3.5% (700 hectares) and 11.2% (2,400 hectares), respectively. The share of arable soils with a low content of humus was 9.7% (4,580 hectares). The area of soils characterized by the acidic reaction of the medium was at the level of 13,300 hectares (63.2%). The soils of the region were adequately supplied with copper, however, 83.3% of arable land was deficient in zinc and 48.2% was deficient in manganese.
Keywords: agrochemical monitoring; soil cover; soil fertility; humus; mineral fertilizers; liming; yield.
Author Details: O. M. Ishchenko, chief agrochemist; T. Yu. Vakhrameeva, director (e-mail.ru: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Ishchenko O. M., Vakhrameeva T. Yu. Soil Fertility State in the Magadan Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 4. Pp. 50–52 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10412.