R. A. Osipova, A. R. Ravzutdinov, M. Yu.Gilyazov, S. Zh. Kuzhamberdieva
Kazan State Agrarian University, ul. K. Marksa, 65, Kazan’, 420015, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the research was to assess the effect of single oil pollution on the yield of spring wheat, depending on the prescription of contamination and the possibility of restoring fertility of oil-contaminated soil by agrochemical and agrotechnical techniques. The studies were performed in the Cis-Caspian zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. The test plot was characterized by forest grey middle loamy soils. The reaction of medium was subacid. The content of humus was low. The content of active forms of phosphorus and potassium was respectively increased and medium. In May 2004 the rate of soil contamination with crude oil was high –20 L/m2. Intensive mechanical tillage, introduction of mineral, lime fertilizers and vermicompost were tested as reclamation techniques. The paper summarizes the information on the impact of oil pollution and reclamation techniques on the yield of spring wheat, which was cultivated according to the crop rotation design in 1, 5, 9 and 13 years after the oil contamination. A dramatic decrease in the yield of spring wheat caused by single oil pollution was lasting for at least 13 years. We found the close positive correlation between soil contamination prescription and yield of spring wheat (R2 = 0.95–0.99). This suggests the possibility of a gradual, albeit slow, natural detoxification of oil-contaminated grey forest soil. The significance of the proven reclamation techniques changed with time. In the early years (for at least 5 years after the contamination) intensive loosening of the soil had the most positive influence on the productivity of spring wheat. In the subsequent years its importance was decreasing against the backdrop of the increasing role of complete fertilizer and vermicompost. The increase of spring wheat yield due to vermicompost was 1.4–2.8 times lower than due to complete fertilizer. The liming of oil-contaminated subacid grey forest soil did not result in the significant yield increase.
Keywords: oil pollution; grey forest soil; pollution prescription; soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); productivity; reclamation; soil loosening; complete fertilizer; liming; vermicompost.
Author Details: R. A. Osipova, post graduate student; A. R. Ravzutdinov, post graduate student; M. Yu. Gilyazov, D. Sc. (Agr.), Prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); S. Zh. Kuzhamberdieva, post graduate student.
For citation: Osipova R. A., Ravzutdinov A. R., Gilyazov M. Yu., Kuzhamberdieva S. Zh. Influence of Oil Pollution and Recultivation Methods of Grey Forest Soil on the Spring Wheat Yield. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 5. Pp. 6–9 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10501.