F. Z. Kadyrova1, L. R. Klimova1, L. R. Kadyrova2
1Kazan State Agrarian University, ul. K. Marksa, 65, Kazan’, 420015, Russian Federation
2Kazan Federal University, ul. Kremlevskaya, 18, Kazan’, 420008, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the research was the development of the technology for the seeding of buckwheat of Batyr variety under the arid conditions of the Middle Volga region. The experiments were conducted in the Cis-Kama region of Tatarstan on grey forest soil. We studied three seeding methods (row, skip-row, double-row) at three seeding rates (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 million viable seeds/ha). The seeds were sown on May 25–27. The seeding technology was modelled by overlapping the corresponding drill tubes of the seeding machine. In both years of the experiment, we noted the lack of rainfall during the growing season and sprouting initiation, as well as during fruit filling. The field germination rate of the seeds decreased from row seeding (80–82%) to double-row seeding (66–74%). By harvesting, the survival capacity of the plants decreased with increasing seeding rate. The largest plant biomass formed during skip-row seeding with the seeding rate of 1 million seeds/ha. By the maturing stage, the value of this index in the cases of continuous and double-row seeding exceeded 57 and 51%, respectively. Drought retarded the rates of plant growth and leaf surface closing in the cases of skip-row and double-row seeding. As a result, the number and weight of weeds increased 2–3 times. In the case of continuous seeding, buckwheat plants suppressed weeds more actively. The highest seed productivity was registered in the cases of skip-row and wide-row seeding at the rate of 1 million seeds/ha (3.1–3.2 g/plant). Owing to the large growing space in this case the plants formed the greatest number of sprouts (4.1–4.9 sprouts). The highest yield was registered in the case of skip-row seeding method at the rate of 1.5 million seeds/ha (1.95 t/ha). The close value of seed harvesting rate was registered in the case of double-row seeding at the rate of 1.0 million seeds/ha (1.87 t/ha). At higher rates, the yield decreased.
Keywords: buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench); seeding technology; seeding rate; double-row seeding; skip-row seeding.
Author Details: F. Z. Kadyrova, D. Sc. (Agr.) prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L. R. Klimova, post graduate student; L. R. Kadyrova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof.
For citation: Kadyrova F. Z., Klimova L. R., Kadyrova L. R. Some Techniques for Optimizing the Cultivation of Buckwheat under the Arid Conditions. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 5. Pp. 30–33 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10507.