M. V. Tulyakova1, G. A. Batalova2, S. V. Permyakova1, N. V. Krotova2
1Falenskaya breeding station – the branch of the N. V. Rudnitsky Federal Agrarin Scientific Center of the North-East, ul. Timiryazeva, 3, pos. Falenki, 612500, Kirovskaya obl., 612500, Russian Federation
2N. V. Rudnitsky Federal Agrarin Scientific Center of the North-East, ul. Lenina, 166a, Kirov, 610007, Russian Federation
Abstract. The research was aimed at studying the characteristics of the oats yield formation and its productivity elements under favourable soil conditions (pH value of 6.4; Al3+ concentration of 0.96 mg/100 g of soil) and against the background of edaphic stress (pH value of 3.93–4.05, Al3+ concentration of 12.60–13.49 mg/100 g of soil) to define the genetic sources of breeding valuable traits. The work was performed in the Kirov region in 2016–2018. The material was 60 collection samples of oats from the world collection. Among the studied samples, the following forms from the USA had the earliest ripeness: 15275 PA 7836-416, 15258 PA 7836-2701, 15264 PA 7967-11690, K-3123 100433-2, K-3124 100433-3. Resistance to drought and a stable yield against both backgrounds were combined in the following genotypes: K-2981 IFMI 3437 (USA) – 490 g/m2 and 140 g/m2 (under favourable soil conditions and against the background of edaphic stress, respectively); K-3007 IFMI 3565 (Germany) – 510 and 165 g/m2; 15321 Skrokolik (Russia) – 430 and 195 g/m2; 15178 Begunok (Russia) – 485 and 150 g/m2. High productivity indices of elements under favourable conditions were characteristic for the samples 15331 KSI 2167/03, 15330 KSI 590/0515178 Begunok (Russia); against the background of edaphic stress – for the samples 15213 Yakov (Russia), 15264 PA 7967– 11690 (USA), 15174 FURLONG; against two backgrounds simultaneously – for the samples 15280 55h2106, 15333 KSI 542/05, 15282 Boets (Russia), 15293 BORYNA (Poland). We revealed the dependence of the yield and productivity elements on the environmental conditions. It was noted the high variability of yield signs (V = 15.7–25.1% under favourable conditions and 21.1–29.0% against edaphic stress, respectively), the weight of grain per panicle (V = 27.2–32.4% and 27.9–37.0%) and the number of grains per panicle (V = 24.8–29.3% and 26.3–32.4%) against the both soil backgrounds. The indicators of the panicle length (V = 9.1–11.0% and 10.4–14.8%) and the mass of 1000 grains (V = 10.6–11.4 % and 9.4–13.8%) were the most stable.
Keywords: chaffy oat (Avéna satíva L.); variety samples; gene sources; early ripeness; yield; soil acidity; drought.
Author Details: M. V. Tulyakova, head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); G. A. Batalova, D. Sc. (Agr.), member of the RAS, deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); S. V. Permyakova, junior research fellow; N. V. Krotova, Сand. Sc. (Agr.), research fellow.
For citation: M. V. Tulyakova, G. A. Batalova, S. V. Permyakova, N. V. Krotova. Source Material of Chaffy Oat for Breeding for High Yield. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 7. Pp. 9–12 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10702.