M. S. Romanova1, E. V. Khaksar1, N. I. Leonova1, O. O. Novikov1, A. G. Semenov2
1Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat – the branch of the Siberian Federal Agrobiotechnology Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Gagarina, 3, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
2Siberian State Medical University, Moskovskii trakt, 2, Tomsk, Tomskaya obl., 634050, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the research was to develop improved minitubers of Antonina and Solnechny potato varieties. The work was carried out at the Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat in 2017. The research object was the maternal microclones of Solanum tuberosum L. of Antonina and Solnechny varieties improved by the meristem method combined with thermotherapy. The test-tube plants were cultivated on the standard Murashige and Skoog growing medium. Before the experiments all the microplants were examined by the polymerase chain reaction method to determine the viral and bacterial load. At the age of 28 days 16 plants were planted in adaptative aeroponics installations; the control was peat soil. The feeding area of 1 plant in the aeroponics installation was 0.045 m2; in the control it was 0.042 m2. The experiment was repeated 3 times. The transfer to the main aeroponic installation was carried out at the age of 42 days. The minitubers were collected after 100 days of cultivation in the aeroponics installation and in the soil. Their quantitative output in the case of using the aeroponics installation for Antonina variety was 15.3 pcs/plant; in the case of using peat substrate it was 9.4 pcs/plant; for Solnechny variety it was 35.9 pcs/plant and 5.6 pcs/plant, respectively. For Antonina variety the share of minitubers weighing more than 4 g grown using aeroponics was 35.9%; in the peat soil it was 19.7%; for Solnechny variety it amounted to 50.4% and 21.2%, respectively. In average the minitubers produced using the aeroponics installation weighed more than that grown in the peat soil (for Antonina variety it was 4.4 g and 2.6 g; for Solnechny variety it was 7.7 g and 3.0 g, respectively). The differences were statistically significant (p was less than 0.001).
Keywords: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.); seed production; productivity; aeroponics method of cultivation.
Author Details: M. S. Romanova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E. V. Khaksar, junior research fellow; N. I. Leonova, research fellow; O. O. Novikov, junior research fellow; A. G. Semenov, senior lecturer.
For citation: Romanova M. S., Khaksar E. V., Leonova N. I., Novikov O. O., Semenov A. G. Production Efficiency of Virus-Free Material of Antonina and Solnechny Potato Varieties on Aeroponic Installations. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 7. Pp. 33–36 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10708.