V. A. Vorob’ev, A. V. Vorob’ev
Ural Agricultural Research Institute – the branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Ural branch of the RAS, ul. Glavnaya, 21, Istok, Ekaterinburg, 620061, Russian Federation
Abstract. A series of studies was carried out to identify spring wheat varieties demonstrating the highest levels of adaptation to various vegetative conditions in terms of water supply among those widely used in the Middle Urals. The research was carried out using a ranking assessment of yield and structural elements. Field experiments were carried out in 2013–2018. The material for the study was such wheat varieties as early-ripening wheat ‘Irgina’, ‘Iren’, ‘Extra’ (the latter is currently under a state test); mid-early ripening wheat ‘Ekaterina’, ‘Gornouralskaya’, ‘Zlata’; mid-season wheat ‘Krasnoufimskaya 100’, ‘Simbirtsit’. The vegetative periods of 2013 and 2016 were characterized by arid conditions (hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) = 0.6–0.8), while 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2018 were wet (HTC = 2.0–3.2). The experimental site was characterized by a grey and dark-grey forest soil. In humid years, early-ripening varieties were inferior in the yield to those mid-early ripening and mid-seыason by 6.0% and 9.9%, respectively. In arid periods, these figures were 11.8% and 21.3%, respectively. In terms of average yield during humid years, the varieties under study showed the following ranking: Extra (1st rank), Ekaterina (2nd rank), and Simbirtsit (3rd rank). During arid periods, Extra decreased its rank from 1 to 5, and Zlata – from 5 to 8. Regardless of water supply, the highest ranks in terms of the number of plants, productive stems and plant survival were recorded in Extra (1st rank) and Ekaterina (2nd rank); while Irgina, Zlata and Simbirtsit (6th-8th rank) showed the lowest ranks. Under arid conditions, the spike productivity declined in early-ripening, mid-early ripening and mid-season wheat varieties by 32.0–41.2%, 22.9–42.9% and 27.9–30.6%, respectively. The highest average rank in terms of the coenosis structure and productivity was noted for Extra (2.1 rank) and Ekaterina (2.5), which corresponded to their ranked average yield for the years of the study (1st and 2nd ranks, respectively).
Keywords: spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); variety; productivity; yield structure; limiting factor; rank.
Author Details: V. A. Vorob’ev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. V. Vorob’ev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Vorob’ev V. A., Vorob’ev A. V. Effect of Water Supply during the Vegetative Season on a Change in the Ranking of Spring Wheat Varieties in terms of Yield and Structural Elements. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 8. Pp. 29–32 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10806.