R. F. Galeev, О. N. Shashkova
Siberian Research Institute of Forages of the SFRCAB of the RAS, pos. Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskii r-n, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were conducted to determine the effect of mineral fertilizers and undersowing of a leguminous component on the productivity of a six-field forage crop rotation in the 2nd rotation, quality of the obtained forage mass, and content of nitrate nitrogen in leached chernozem in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. In the control crop rotation (oats with undersowing of awnless brome, awnless brome of the 1st - 3rd years of use, barley, corn), all the fields were occupied by cereal crops. The application of mineral fertilizers in each field of the cereal crop rotation was considered as a chemicalization technique, undersowing of the leguminous component (oats + vetch with undersowing of awnless brome and alfalfa, awnless brome with alfalfa of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of use, barley + pea, corn + fodder beans) without mineral fertilizers was considered as a method of biologization. Mineral fertilizers increased the yield of dry weight in crop rotation on average 1.7 times (up to 6.30 t/ha); undersowing of the leguminous component increased the yield of dry weight 1.8 times (up to 6.59 t/ha). The application of fertilizers increased the yield of digestible protein 2.1 times compared to the control (up to 506 kg/ha); undersowing of the leguminous component increased the yield of digestible protein 2.7 times (654 kg/ha). The highest yield of dry weight was noted in single-variety crops of corn in the control and at fertilizers application. The maximum yield of digestible protein was ensured by the sowing of awnless brome and alfalfa of the first and second years of use (784–811 kg/ha). The application of fertilizers increased the content of digestible protein per feed unit in crop rotation on average by 17% (up to 103 g), whereas undersowing of the leguminous component increased it by 41% (up to 124 g). The content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil (at the depth of 0–20 cm) increased 1.7 times (up to 3.89 mg/kg) and 2.5 times (up to 5.68 mg/kg), respectively.
Keywords: biologization; fodder crop rotation; mineral fertilizer system; leguminous component; productivity; digestible protein; nitrate nitrogen.
Author Details: R. F. Galeev, Cand. Sc (Agr.), head of division; О. N. Shashkova, Cand. Sc (Agr.), leading research fellow research fellow (e-mail.ru Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Galeev R. F., Shashkova О. N. Effect of Biologization and Chemicalization Techniques on the Productivity of the Forage Crop Rotation in the Forest-Steppe of Western Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 10. Pp. 22–25 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11005.