I. V. Andreeva, L. F. Ashmarina, E. I. Shatalova
Siberian Research Institute of Forages of the SFRCAB of the RAS, pos. Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskii r-n, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the phytosanitary parameters of the forage crops in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Phytopathological and entomological records of spring rape, clover, chickpea, soybeans, fodder beans, lupine, goat’s-rue, awnless brome, eastern galega, and wheat were kept in 1997–2019. The long-term analysis of the pathogens’ development showed a significant increase in the prevalence of phytoplasmosis in spring rape from 1–2% in 2006–2009 to 10–20% in 2018–2019. Lupine anthracnose occurrence increased from 40–50% in 2015 to 80% in 2016–2018. Epiphytoties of Fusarium wilt of chickpea were observed in 2018–2019. For meadow clover, the index of the disease development in 2019 was 40–80%. For soybeans, an increase in the development of peronosporosis was noted in 2018 and 2019. During epiphytoties, the disease development index reached 33.5–48.7%. The pathocomplex of soybean root rot pathogens expanded as a result of an increase in the number of species and varieties of fungi of Fusarium genus from 4 in 1997–1999 to 9 in 2015–2018. Economic damage from cabbage moths increased. Mass reproduction of the pest on rape was observed in 2015 and 2019. The number of common spider mites in soybean increased from 4.25 pcs/leaf in 2005–2006 to 155.0 pcs/leaf in 2019. In 2019, chickpea was for the first time affected by Liriomyza cicerina, a pest, which was not previously registered in the agrocenoses of the region. Mass reproduction of Vanessa cardui was observed in Pannonian clover in 2019. The number of larvae was very high and reached 5–10 pcs/plant.
Keywords: fodder crops; weather conditions; disease development; Fusarium; leaf spot disease; phytophage; quantity; injuriousness.
Author Details: I. V. Andreeva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L. F. Ashmarina, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow; E. I. Shatalova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow.
For citation: Andreeva I. V., Ashmarina L. F., Shatalova E. I. Features of Changes in the Phytosanitary Condition of Forage Crops in Western Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 10. Pp. 26–30 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11006.