A. V. Zhuravleva
Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, prosp. Koroleva, 26, Omsk, 644012, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the propagation of clonal rootstocks of apple trees with herbaceous cuttings using various root formation stimulants to optimize the technology of propagation by herbaceous cuttings. The work was performed in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region in 2017–2019. The soil was medium loamy meadow chernozem with a pronounced sand fraction. The reaction of the soil solution was close to neutral. The object of the study was 54-118 and 62-396 clonal rootstocks of the apple trees. Herbaceous cuttings were rooted in a film-coated greenhouse with an artificial fogging plant. The substrate was a mixture of sand and peat (1 to 1). The planting scheme of cuttings was 5 x 5 cm. The experiment was repeated four times. Each time 50 trees were planted. The placement was randomized. Kornevin (dusting of sections), heteroauxin, and Ribav-extra were used as stimulators of root formation in propagation at herbaceous cuttings; water was used in the control. Exposure duration was 16 hours. The winter conditions in the years of the research were relatively favourable. In 2017, all samples subfroze due to prolonged vegetation in 2016. No outbreaks were observed in the mother liquor. In the control, mass root formation was registered in 6 weeks. The treatment of cuttings with growth stimulants contributed to the acceleration of root formation, which was observed in 3–5 weeks. On average, over the years of the research, the use of Kornevin increased rooting by 30–35%, compared to the control; the use of heteroauxin increased it by 24–33%; the use of Ribav-extra increased it by 27–34%. 54-118 rootstock was characterized by a higher rooting rate at herbaceous cuttings (59–94%) compared to 62-396 rootstock (55–85%). The use of root formation stimulants increased the rooting rate of the cuttings of 54-118 rootstock by 33–35% and the rooting rate of the cuttings of 62-396 rootstock by 24–30%. In both options, the results were similar. Also, the stimulants positively affected the biometric indicators of clonal rootstocks, such as growth and length of the root system, which increased by 24–42% and 8–38%, respectively. Compared with the control, there were no significant differences between the options.
Keywords: apple tree (Malus Mill.); reproduction; clonal rootstocks; herbaceous cutting; stimulants; rooting.
Author Details: A. V. Zhuravleva, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Zhuravleva A. V. Features of Reproduction of Clonal Rootstocks of Apple Trees with Herbaceous Cuttings when Using Various Root Formation Stimulants. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 12. Pp. 65–67 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11213.