S. N. Vityaz’1, M. S. Rakina1, O. G. Pozdnyakova2, M. A. Kazakova1
1Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, ul. Markovtseva, 5, Kemerovo, 650056, Russian Federation
2Kemerovo Research Agricultural Institute, the branch of the Siberian Federal Research Center of Agricultural Biotechnology of the RAS, ul. Tsentral’naya, 47, pos.Novostroika, Kemerovskii r-n, Kemerovskaya obl., 650510, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were conducted in 2018–2019 in the Kemerovo region. To optimize the agricultural technology of medicinal herbs cultivation we studied the effect of various technological methods (applying biofertilizer into the soil and treating the seed with a humic preparation) on yield elements and the quality of crude medicines. The material for the study was Silybum marianum (Panatseya variety), Calendula officinalis (Kalta variety), and Matricaria chamomilla (Podmoskovnaya variety). The experimental design included the following options: seeding against a natural background (the control); application of biofertilizer (2 kg/m2); application of biofertilizer (2 kg/m2) and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with humic preparation Gumat Baikal (at a solution concentration of 0.001%). The anthodiums of Calendula officinalis and Matricaria chamomilla and fruits of Silybum marianum were used as raw materials. Over the years of the study, the yield of Silybum marianum in the option of the combined use of the two studied agricultural methods was, on average, significantly higher than in the control – by 11 g/m2. The weight of 1000 seeds in both experimental options was greater than in the control by 3.1 g and 7.2 g, respectively; the mass of seeds per one plant was more by 0.6 g and 3.0 g. Over the years of the study, in the case of combined application of biofertilizer and humic preparation to Matricaria chamomilla, the number of anthodiums on one plant was, on average, 1.4 times higher than in the control; productivity was higher by 14.7 g/m2. In this option, on average, over the years of the study, Calendula officinalis tended to yield more crude medicines (by 24.5 g/m2). The content of biologically active substances in the analyzed raw materials did not greatly depend on the studied technological methods.
Keywords: Silybum marianum; Calendula officinalis; Matricaria chamomilla; plant raw materials; yield; quality indicators; biologically active substances.
Author Details: S. N. Vityaz’, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of department (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M.S. Rakina, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof.; O. G. Pozdnyakova, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), assoc. prof.; M. A. Kazakova, senior lecturer.
For citation: Vityaz’ S. N., Rakina M. S., Pozdnyakova O. G., Kazakova M. A. The Effect of Various Methods of Medicinal Herbs Cultivation on the Yield Elements and Quality of Crude Medicines. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 12. Pp. 60–64 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11212.