E. N. Konovalova, O. V. Kostiunina, O. S. Romanenkova
Federal Scientific Center of Animal Husbandry – Ernst All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry, pos. Dubrovitsy, 60, Podol’skii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 142132, Russian Federation
Abstract. There were registered the cases of the manifestation of hereditary diseases caused by gene mutations in the cattle of Aberdeen-Angus breed. The purpose of the work was to analyze the frequencies of animal carriers of genetic defects of arthrogryposis multipleх (AM), osteopetrosis (OS), and development duplication (DD) among Russian populations of cattle of Aberdeen-Angus breed, as well as to assess the risk of the spread of hereditary anomalies by transmitting mutant alleles from parents to offspring. The material was DNA preparations (n = 4087) of Aberdeen-Angus cattle from 31 farms of the Central region of Russia. DNA was isolated from animal biomaterial (blood, milk, ear pluck, etc.). Frequencies of animals-carriers of mutant alleles associated with AM and OS were determined using previously developed test systems based on the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method, frequency of DD-carriers – by PCR followed by the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RFLP analysis was performed using BstMWI restriction endonuclease with the recognition sequence GCNNNNNNNGC. The average frequency of AM-carriers was 1.5%; the frequency of OS-carriers was 1.02%; frequency of DD-carriers was 5.84%. The risk of transmission of mutant alleles from parents to offspring was assessed on 107 cows (F1 generation) and 107 heifers (F2 generation). The difference in the frequency of animal-carriers of OS and DD defects between generations was insignificant. The frequency of animal-carriers of AM defect in F2 generation was significantly higher than in F1 generation – 11.20% and 0.93%, respectively. In F2 generation, the frequency of the mutant AM allele was 6 times higher than in F1 generation – 0.06 and 0.01, respectively. The chi2 criterion for F1 was 0.01; for F2, it was 0.38, which indicates the absence of selection pressure in relation to the genetic AM defect in these populations.
Keywords: cattle; Aberdeen-Angus breed; genetic defect; arthrogryposis multiplex; osteopetrosis; development duplication.
Author Details: E. N. Konovalova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. V. Kostiunina, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory; O. S. Romanenkova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), research fellow.
For citation: Konovalova EN, Kostiunina OV, Romanenkova OS. [Determining the prevalence of genetic diseases in Aberdeen Angus cattle using DNA tests]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(2):39-42. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10208.