M. M. Nikitinа1, Yu. N. Kulakov2
1Research Institute of Agricultural Problems of Khakassia, ul. Sadovaya, 5, s. Zelenoe, Ust’-Abakanskii r-n, Respublika Khakasiya, 5655132, Russian Federation
2Tselinnoe, ul. Lenina, 9, s. Tselinnoe, Shirinskii r-n, Respublika Khakasiya, 655231, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were conducted in 2014–2015. The purpose was to study the economically useful traits of Simmental animals under conditions of the Republic of Khakassia to identify the best parental combinations. Three groups of daughters of Simmental bulls of different breeding were formed by the pair-analogues method with regard to calving data: I (control) – local breeding, II (experimental) – German breeding, III (experimental) – Austrian breeding. The duration of the experiment for each individual cow was one lactation. Throughout the experiment, the experimental animals were kept under identical conditions. They were fed the same diets adopted on the farm. The daughters of bulls bred beyond Russia exceeded their Russian peers in milk yield by 359.7–375.5 kg, or 9.0–9.4%, in live weight by 26.9–34.1 kg, or 5.2–6.6%. In terms of fat content in milk, the difference between cows of different groups was insignificant, and in terms of protein content significant differences were noted only between the descendants of German and Russian bulls. Daughters of bulls of the non-Russian breeding showed a tendency to increase body measurements. Their chests were wider by 1.8–2.0 cm, oblique length of the body was 1.8–4.8 cm more; half-circumference of the back was 3.5–3.7 cm more; metacarpus circumference was 0.8–0.9 cm more. As a result, they significantly exceeded their Russian counterparts in the hip index by 3.3–3.6%, in the meat index – by 1.6–2.4%. Descendants of imported stud bulls significantly exceeded their Russian peers in udder length by 1.9–2.4 cm, udder width by 2.6–2.9 cm, and udder circumference by 9.0–9.3 cm. To increase milk productivity, live weight, and strength of the constitution of cows of Simmental breed it is recommended to use bulls of Austrian and German breeds in the local breeding stock.
Keywords: Simmental breed; first-calf cows; exterior-constitutional features; milk productivity; live weight; morphological and functional properties of the udder.
Author Details: M. M. Nikitinа, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of group (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); Yu. N. Kulakov, zootechnician breeder.
For citation: Nikitinа MM, Kulakov YuN. [Productive qualities and exterior features of the daughters of Simmental bulls of foreign breeding]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(2):43-7. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10209.