E. T. Naumchenko, E. V. Banetskaya
All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean Breeding, Ignat’evskoe sh., 19, Blagoveshchensk, 675027, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were conducted in 2014–2018 in meadow chernozem-like soil in the Amur Region in a stationary field experiment, laid out in 1962–1964 in the crop rotation: oats, soybean, wheat, soybean, wheat for the study of the effectiveness of organic and mineral fertilizers. As a result of long-term systematic use of fertilizers in the experiment, the provision of the soil of the experimental plot with mobile phosphorus (according to Kirsanov) was low (27–35 mg/kg), medium (37–50 mg/kg), and increased (more than 55 mg/kg). The purpose of the work was to determine the effect of long-term use of fertilizers on wheat productivity and the level of nitrogen consumption at different degrees of soil provision with mobile phosphorus. We used mineral fertilizers such as double superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, and potassium chloride; and organic fertilizers such as semi-decomposed cattle manure. In the soil samples, we determined the content of mobile phosphorus, ammonium, and nitrate nitrogen, and the number of microorganisms. The effectiveness of the direct action of nitrogen fertilizers on Aryuna wheat variety (3rd crop in the rotation) was studied in the options with N30 added before sowing and without the use of nitrogen against various backgrounds of soil provision with mobile phosphorus; aftereffect was studied in the similar options on the last wheat in the crop rotation. The application of nitrogen fertilizers at the dose of N30 stimulated the development of ammonifying bacteria, the number of which exceeded the control without fertilizers 1.9–2.3 times, increased the content of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in the soil by 47–72% and their utilization factor by 1.8–2.5 times. Wheat productivity increased by 0.21–0.76 t/ha in accordance with the level of soil provision with mobile phosphorus. Against the background of increased availability of mobile phosphorus, the content of mobile nitrogen in the soil increased, relative to the control, by 11%, its utilization factor increased by 18%, and wheat yield increased by 0.50 t/ha as an aftereffect of fertilizer application.
Keywords: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); mineral nutrition; fertilizers; nitrogen ammonifiers; nitrogen immobilizers; soil fertility.
Author Details: E. T. Naumchenko, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E. V. Banetskaya, research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Naumchenko ET, Banetskaya EV [Nitrogen consumption by spring wheat at different levels of soil provision with mobile phosphorus]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(6):23-7.Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10604.