T. A. Aseeva, K. V. Zenkina, I. V. Lomakina
Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture, Khabarovsk Federal Research Center, Far Eastern branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pos. Vostochnyi-1, Khabarovskii krai, 680521, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the studies was to give economic and biological characteristics of the new universal promising spring common wheat variety Dalira to determine whether it can be used in agricultural production. The experiment was conducted in 2015–2019 in the Khabarovsk Territory in a competitive variety testing nursery. The soil was meadow brown podzolized gley heavy loamy. The promising variety of Dalira (breeding number 55/12-10) was bred by individual selection from a hybrid population as a result of crossing Daria and Lira-98 spring wheat varieties. It was compared with Khabarovchanka standard and the last zoned cultivar Lira-98. A variety of perspective sample was lutescens. Its average yield over the years of the research was 3.7 t/ha, which was higher by 0.8 t/ha than that of Khabarovchanka and Lira-98 varieties, respectively. In favourable years, it reached 5.8 t/ha. The promising variety of Dalira is one of the mid-season genotypes. It is characterized by high potential productivity under the agro-ecological conditions of the region and optimal grain quality indicators. The plants form large and vitreous grain with high grain-unit; the mass of 1000 grains is 33.7–38.0 g; the quantity and quality of gluten (gluten deformation index) is 35% and 77 FDM units, respectively; the content of protein in the grain is 16.3–17.3%. The volumetric yield of bread from the grain of the promising variety Dalira is 925 mL, which is more by 272 mL than that of Khabarovchanka standard, and more by 12 mL than that of the previously zoned Lira-98 variety. Dalira is characterized by high adaptability (CA = 1.12), environmental plasticity (bi = 1.57, sigma = 1.21), homeostaticity (Hom = 27.8), and breeding value (Sc = 4.2). Under natural conditions, the new promising variety is not affected by dust-brand, powdery mildew, and yellow rust; it is medium resistant to fusarium head blight. Spring common wheat Dalira is recommended for cultivation in the Far Eastern region as a universal variety for grain, feed, and food use.
Keywords: breeding; spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); universal variety; productivity; grain quality; baking properties; Far Eastern region.
Author Details: T. A. Aseeva, D. Sc. (Agr.), сorresponding member of the RAS, research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); K. V. Zenkina, junior research fellow; I. V. Lomakina, senior research fellow.
For citation: Aseeva TA, Zenkina KV, Lomakina IV. [Economic and biological characteristics of the promising universal spring wheat Dalira]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(6):59-64. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10611.