S. S. Kirillov, A. S. Polishchuk
Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies, Nauchnyi gorodok, 35, Barnaul, 656910, Russian Federation
Abstract. Self-fertility is an important factor contributing to the yield of sunflower. Self-fertility is controlled genetically, manifests itself under various cultivation conditions and has a reliable positive correlation with yield. The aim of the present research was to study variation in the self-fertility status of inbred sunflower cultivars derived from original large-fruited species. A series of experiments was carried out in Altai Krai in 2015–2018. The research object was self-pollinated sunflower cultivars isolated from large-fruited varieties Baloven, Altai and Kulundinsky 1. The number of flowers in the head of samples depended on the duration of the growing season of the samples. The studied varieties and their self-pollinated offspring were quite homogeneous in terms of the number of tubular flowers in the flower head. The variation rate was 0.29–0.38. Up to the second self-pollination generation, the samples and their offspring selected for the study were characterized by a high level of variability in terms of the ‘seed number in the flower head’ parameter. The heterogeneity of the populations under study and the subsequent splitting of offspring by the level of seed set during inbreeding allows selection of plants with high self-fertility status. This leads to a gradual increase in the average self-fertility level and a decrease in the range of its variation. During the experimental period, self-fertility increased from 8.9 to 16.0% on average. For four generations of self-pollination, variation in the trait remained at a high level, although the variation rate decreased from 1.2–2.4 to 0.6–0.9. Four generations of self-pollination cannot be considered sufficient for stabilizing a genotype. As a result of the research, a material demonstrating a high self-fertility status was created.
Keywords: sunflower; breeding; seed number; inbreeding; seed set absence; self-fertility; inbred depression; variation.
Author Details: S. S. Kirillov, head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. S. Polishchuk, research fellow.
For citation: Kirillov SS, Polishchuk AS. [Variation in the self-fertility status of large-fruited sunflower during self-pollination]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(7):72-5. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10712.