T. A. Rozhmina1, A. A. Zhuchenko Jr.1, N. Yu. Rozhmina2, T. S. Kiseleva1, E. G. Gerasimova1
1Federal Scientific Center of Bast-Fiber Crops Breeding, ul. Lunacharskogo, 35, Torzhok, Tverskaya obl., 172002, Russian Federation
2Undercom, ul. Akademika Pavlova, 6, korp. 1., str. 1, Sankt-Peterburg, 197022, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the studies was to screen the gene pool of fiber flax to identify the sources of the most important selection-significant traits adaptive to the conditions of the Central Non-Chernozem Region. The work was performed in 2016–2018 in the Tver region on 32 breeding lines and fiber flax varieties bred in Russia, Belorussia, and Lithuania. In 2016, HTC in the germination – rapid growth period was 0.6; in 2017, it was 1.3; in 2018, it was 0.8. In terms of flax straw yield, the samples Vizit, L. K-6 x Belinka, Rubin, Grot, B-96, and B-117 exceeded Novotorzhsky standard by 15.2–36.3%; the variability of the trait over the years was less than 20%. Samples Nadezhda, Vizit, B-160, and Vesta were characterized by the highest content of long fiber in the stem (31.3–34.1%) and its highest yield (19.5–20.9%); the excess over the standard was 4.6–7.4% and 4.4–5.8%, respectively. The high yield of long fiber in these genotypes was due to its good quality – 10.9–11.7 points, which was higher by 1.2–2.0 points than for Novotorzhsky variety and corresponded to the level of the standard flax fiber quality – Mogilevsky 2 variety (10.8 points). Line L. K-6 x Belinka was distinguished by good physical and mechanical properties of flax fiber. It was characterized by fiber flexibility of 63 mm and a linear density of 2.46 texes, which were 4.5 mm higher and 0.34 texes lower than for Mogilevsky 2 variety. The distinguished genotypes significantly exceeded the average values of standards in terms of the analyzed characteristics that indicated their adaptability to the conditions of the region. Nadezhda and Vizit varieties showed complex resistance to Fusarium wilt, rust, and anthracnose; Vesta variety was resistant to Fusarium wilt, rust, anthracnose, and Septoria linicola Gar. The potential yield of flax fiber varieties Vizit, Nadezhda, and Vesta, included in the State Register of the Russian Federation, amounted to 1.69–2.16 t/ha that ensured the profitability of crop production at the level of 67.8–73.9%.
Keywords: fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.); genotype; long fiber; yield; adaptability; quality.
Author Details: T. A. Rozhmina, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. A. Zhuchenko Jr., D. Sc. (Biol.), member of the RAS, chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N. Yu. Rozhmina, deputy finance director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); T. S. Kiseleva, senior research fellow; E. G. Gerasimova, senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Rozhmina TA, Zhuchenko AA Jr, Rozhmina NYu, et al. [New sources of selection-significant flax traits adaptive to the conditions of the Central Non-Chernozem Region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(8):50-5.Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10808.