A. D. Safonova, A. S. Batov, Yu. A. Gureeva, E. A. Orlova
Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding, branch of the “Federal Research Center the Institution of Cytology and Genetics”, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S-100, zd. 21, a/ya 375, pos. Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskii r-n, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
Abstract. The study aimed to evaluate new early-ripening domestic varieties under forest-steppe conditions of the Ob region for expanding the assortment in potato production. The experiments were conducted in 2017–2018 in the Novosibirsk region. The object of the study was 19 early-ripening varieties; the standard was zoned variety Red Scarlet, bred in the Netherlands. On average over two years, Meteor, Samba, Reggi, and Yuna varieties were the most promising for harvesting an ultra-early yield. Sixty days after planting, their yield exceeded 20 t/ha, while the value of this indicator for the standard was 8 t/ha. The best early-ripening (75 days after planting) varieties were Reggi, Lyuks, Lomonosovsky, and Meteor. They were characterized by a yield potential of more than 35 t/ha. The highest total productivity was noted in Meteor, Samba, Zhukovsky Ranniy, Lyubava, Lyuks, Matushka, Reggi, Start, and Udacha varieties. Their yield varied from 39.8 t/ha for Samba variety to 47.4 t/ha for Lyuks variety. High starch content was in varieties Antonina (19.6%), Sarovsky (19.5%), Start (17.0%), and Lomonosovsky (16.9%), which exceeded Red Scarlet standard by 5.9–8.8%. By the end of the growing season, early-ripening varieties bred at the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture (G.3-43-6 and G.3-43-2) and varieties bred at the Lorkh All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Breeding (Krepysh and Udacha) were characterized by good resistance to late blight. The affection of plants was up to 7 points. The preservation of tubers during winter of varieties Matushka (94.9%), Lyubava (95.3%), Udacha (97.1%) and hybrid G.3-43-2 (96.5%), harvested in 2017, was higher than that of Red Scarlet standard (94.5%) by 0.4–2.6%. In general, Udacha and Matushka samples were distinguished as the most productive and resistant to diseases during the growing season and storage.
Keywords: potato (Solanum tuberosum); early-ripening variety; yield; productivity; biochemical composition; field resistance.
Author Details: A. D. Safonova, senior research fellow; A. S. Batov, junior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); Yu. A. Gureeva, agronomist; E. A. Orlova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Safonova AD, Batov AS, Gureeva YuA, et al. [Ecological and geographical testing of very early-ripening and early-ripening potato varieties in the forest-steppe of the Cis-Ob region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(10):56-61. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11008.