A. M. Asanov, L. V. Omelyanyuk, O. A. Yusova, A. Yu. Karmazina
Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, prosp. Koroleva, 26, Omsk, 644012, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to breed soybean varieties adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the region for its successful cultivation in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The work was performed in 2012–2019 in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia using generally accepted methods. The material for the study was more than 900 local and foreign varieties, including 189 varieties from the collection of Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, which were studied first, and varieties bred in Omsk, included in the State Register in 2000–2020 and recommended for 10th region (SibNISKhoz 6, Dina, Eldorado, Zolotistaya, Sibiryachka, and Cheremshanka). On average, over the years of the study, out of 189 local and foreign collection samples, 107 samples (58.2%) did not yield conditioned seeds due to the first night frosts in the flowering phase or the beginning of pod formation. On average for 8 years, the yield of 6 soybean varieties bred in Omsk recommended in 2000–2020 for the 10th region, was 2.82 t/ha in the competitive variety test; under favourable conditions of 2016 and 2017, it was more than 3.5 t/ha. In the production crops of the Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center, the yield of soybean over the past 4 years exceeded 3.4 t/ha, which was 3 times more than the average indicator for the Omsk region. In 2017, in the Altai Territory, for Zolotistaya variety, it amounted to 3.3 t/ha on 240 hectares. In 2020, Sibiriada – a new Omsk soybean variety of the grain direction – was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for the 3d, 10th, and 11th regions. Commercial cultivation of Canadian and other varieties not included in the State Register of breeding achievements for the 10th region is extremely risky and impractical since all of them are very late ripening and are not stable in terms of the yield.
Keywords: soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill); variety; collection; early ripening; sown area; yield.
Author Details: A. M. Asanov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. ); L. V. Omelyanyuk, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. A. Yusova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. Yu. Karmazina, research fellow.
For citation: Asanov AM, Omelyanyuk LV, Yusova OA, et al. [Achievements of the Omsk breeders in the acclimatization of soybean in the West Siberian region at a latitude of 55 degrees]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(10):50-5. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11007.