O .G. Chuyan, L. N. Karaulova, O. A. Mitrokhina
Kursk Federal Agrarian Scientific Center, All-Russian Research Institute of Farming and Soil Protection from Erosion, ul. Karla Marksa, 70 b, Kursk, 305021, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies aimed to comprehensively analyze agroecological conditions for the formation of the productivity of the arable lands in the Central Chernozem Region to substantiate the rational use of agricultural resources. The object for scientific and theoretical generalizations was the relationship between agroclimatic indicators, agrochemical parameters of soils, and productivity of crops. The changes in weather conditions established over a long (60 years) period were characterized by linear upward trends in the average annual temperature and the sum of active temperatures: +0.04 C and +5.6 С per year on average across the territory of the Central Chernozem Region. The average hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) in the territory for the period 2007–2019 was 0.91, varying from 0.65 to 1.19 (19.8%). Climatically provided productivity of arable lands in the Central Chernozem Region varied within 14.5% with a possible deviation of 3.7 thousand cereal units (CU) per hectare (3.4–7.1 thousand CU/ha). The maximum complex score for assessing agrochemical indicators was typical for the Belgorod and Voronezh regions; the lowest complex score was typical for the Tambov and Lipetsk regions. By districts, it varied by 9.8% from 59.8 to 91.3. Up to 80% of the territorial variation in crop yields and arable land productivity was due to the interaction of natural (climatic, soil) and agrotechnical (fertilizer use) factors; the share of unaccounted differences was from 20% to 40% of the variability in arable land productivity. In terms of the cumulative effect on the productivity of arable land, the studied parameters can be arranged in the following increasing order: soil quality – fertilization – climatically ensured yield. The maximum grain yield was registered at the humidity factor per year of 0.95 and HTC of 1.2–1.3.
Keywords: agrolandscape resources; climatically ensured productivity; soil quality; comprehensive assessment; arable land productivity.
Author Details: O. G. Chuyan, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L. N. Karaulova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; O. A. Mitrokhina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow.
For citation: Chuyan OG, Karaulova LN, Mitrokhina OA [The system for assessing the resource potential of the agrolandscapes in the Central Chernozem Region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(11):9-15. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11101.